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cally. The numerical range within each factor which is scored is inclusive (for example, "8 to 10 points" means 8, 9, or 10 points).

$52.479 Color.

(a) General. (1) The color for all types of canned lima beans in this subpart is based on the predominating and characteristic color of the exterior surface of the canned lima bean when compared to the U.S.D.A. permanent plastic color standards for Canned ThinSeeded Lima Beans.

(2) A set of these color standards is available for public inspection, and information in regard to procurement of sets may be obtained from the Processed Products Standardization and Inspection Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Division, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., 20250.

(1) "Green" with respect to all types of canned lima beans in this subpart means that the color of the individual lima bean possesses as much or more green color than the "U.S.D.A. Color Standard for Canned Thin-Seeded Green Lima Beans".

(ii) "White" with respect to all types of canned lima beans in this subpart means that the color of the individual lima bean is lighter than the "U.S.D.A. Color Standard for Canned Thin-Seeded White Lima Beans".

(b) (A) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a good color may be given a score of 32 to 35 points. "Good color" means that the lima beans, regardless of type, possess a bright typical color and meet the following additional color requirements for the respective types:

(1) Thin-seeded types; Thick-seeded Baby Potato type. (i) Not less than 90 percent, by count, of the lima beans are “green” defined as aforesaid, and not more than 10 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 1 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white, or

(ii) Not less than 97 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 3 percent, by count, may be lighter in color or white lima beans.

(2) Thick-seeded type. Not less than 90 percent, by count, of the lima beans

are "green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 10 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 3 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white.

(c) (B) classification. If the canned lima beans possess a reasonably good color, a score of 29 to 31 points may be given. Canned lima beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B or U.S. Extra Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably good color" means that the lima beans, regardless of type, possess a typical color and meet the following additional requirements for the respective types:

(1) Thin-seeded type; Thick-seeded Baby Potato type. Not less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 50 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 25 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white.

(2) Thick-seeded type. Not less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and not more than 50 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Provided, That not more than 25 percent, by count, of all the lima beans are white.

(d) (C) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a fairly good color may be given a score of 26 to 28 points. Canned lima beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C or U.S. Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly good color" means that the lima beans, regardless of type, possess a typical color and meet the following additional requirements for the respective types:

(1) Thin-seeded type; Thick-seeded Baby Potato type. Less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and all of the lima beans may be white.

(2) Thick-seeded type. Less than 50 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green," defined as aforesaid, and all of the lima beans may be white.

(e) (SStd) classification. Canned lima beans that are definitely off color or fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 25 points and shall not be

graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

[18 FR 7933, Dec. 9, 1953, as amended at 25 FR 2005, Mar. 9, 1960. Redesignated at 42 FR 32514, June 27, 1977 and at 46 FR 63203, Dec. 31, 1981]

$52.480 Clearness of liquor.

(a) (A) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a practically clear liquor may be given a score of 9 or 10 points. "Practically clear liquor" may be given a score of 9 or 10 points. "Practically clear liquor" means that the liquor may be slightly cloudy and that not more than a small amount of sediment is present.

(b) (B) classification. If the canned lima beans possess a reasonably clear liquor, a score of 7 or 8 points may be given. "Reasonably clear liquor" means that the liquor may be somewhat cloudy and may contain a considerable amount of sediment.

(c) (C) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a fairly clear liquor may be given a score of 5 or 6 points. "Fairly clear liquor" means that the liquor may be dull in color but not to the extent that the appearance is seriously affected, and may be rather viscous cream-like, or starchy.

(d) (SStd) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a liquor that is definitely off color for any reason or that contains an excessive amount of sediment may be given a score of 0 to 4 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is limiting rule).

52.481 Absence of defects.

(a) General. The factor of absence of defects refers to the degree of freedom from extraneous vegetable matter, from loose skins, loose cotyledons, broken beans, sprouted beans, and from beans that show light discoloration or that are blemished or seriously blemished.

(1) "Extraneous vegetable matter" means pods or pieces of pods, leaves, stems, and other similar vegetable matter.

(2) "Broken bean" means a bean from which one-half or more of a cotyledon or the equivalent thereof has become

detached; or pieces of cotyledon aggregating the equivalent of an average size whole cotyledon.

(3) "Loose cotyledon" means a whole cotyledon which has become separated from the skin.

(4) "Loose skin” means a whole skin or portions of skin aggregating the equivalent of an average size whole skin which has become separated from the cotyledons.

(5) "Light discoloration” means light discoloration of the hilum or other light discoloration which slightly affects but does not materially affect the appearance of the bean.

(6) "Sprouted" means lima beans that show an external shoot protruding beyond the cotyledon or skin.

(7) "Blemished" means blemished by discoloration, pathological injury, insect injury, or blemished by other means, other than by light discoloration which is not considered blemished, to such an extent that the aggregate blemished area materially affects the appearance or eating quality of a bean or any detached piece of a bean.

means

(8) "Seriously blemished" blemished to such an extent that the aggregate blemished area seriously affects the appearance or eating quality of a bean or any detached piece of a bean.

(b) (A) classification. Canned lima beans that are practically free from defects may be given a score of 22 to 25 points. "Practically free from defects" means that the aforesaid defects, individually or collectively, do not more than slightly affect the appearance or eating quality of the product. The following allowances provide a guide for scoring canned lima beans which are practically free from defects:

(1) For each 10 ounces drained weight of beans there may be present:

(i) 1 piece, or pieces, of extraneous vegetable matter having an aggregate area of 6 square inch (1⁄2′′ × 1⁄2”) on one surface of the piece, or pieces;

(ii) 3 percent, by count, of loose skins;

(iii) 5 percent, by count, of broken beans and loose cotyledons;

(iv) 1 percent, by count, of sprouted beans; and

(v) 2 percent, by count, of blemished and seriously blemished beans, and of

such 2 percent, not more than 4 thereof or 1⁄2 of 1 percent, by count, of all the beans may be seriously blemished.

(c)(B) classification. If the canned lima beans are reasonably free from defects, a score of 20 or 21 points may be given. Canned lima beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B or U.S. Extra Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably free from defects" means that the aforesaid defects, individually or collectively, do not materially affect the appearance or eating quality of the product. The following allowances provide a guide for scoring canned lima beans which are reasonably free from defects:

(1) For each 10 ounces drained weight of beans there may be present:

(i) 1 piece, or pieces, of extraneous vegetable matter having an aggregate area of more than 6 square inch but not more than % square inch (1⁄2′′ × 3⁄4") on one surface of the piece, or pieces;

(ii) 5 percent, by count, of loose skins;

(iii) 10 percent, by count, of broken beans and loose cotyledons;

(iv) 4 percent, by count, of sprouted beans; and

(v) 3 percent, by count, of blemished and seriously blemished beans, and of such 3 percent, not more than 1⁄2 thereof or 1 percent by count, of all the beans may be seriously blemished.

(d)(C) classification. Canned lima beans that are fairly free from defects may be given a score of 18 or 19 points. Canned lima beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C or U.S. Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly free from defects" means that the aforesaid defects, individually or collectively, do not seriously affect the appearance or eating quality of the product. The following allowances provide a guide for scoring canned lima beans which are fairly free from defects:

(1) For each 10 ounces drained weight of beans there may be present:

(1) 1 piece, or pieces, of extraneous vegetable matter having an aggregate area of more than % square inch, but not more than 4 square inch (1⁄2′′ × 11⁄2′′) on one surface of the piece, or pieces;

(ii) 8 percent, by count, of loose skins;

(iii) 15 percent, by count, of broken beans and loose cotyledons;

(iv) 8 percent, by count, of sprouted beans; and

(v) 4 percent, by count, of blemished and seriously blemished beans, and of such 4 percent, not more than 1⁄2 thereof or 2 percent, by count, of all the beans may be seriously blemished.

(e) (SStd) classification. Canned lima beans that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 17 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). $52.482 Character.

The factor of character refers to the tenderness and maturity of the product.

(a) (A) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a good character may be given a score of 27 to 30 points. "Good character" means that the lima beans are young and tender.

(b) (B) classification. If the canned lima beans possess a reasonably good character, a score of 24 to 26 points may be given. "Reasonably good character" means that the lima beans are reasonably young and reasonably tender.

(c) (C) classification. Canned lima beans that possess a fairly good character may be given a score of 21 to 23 points. Canned lima beans that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C or U.S. Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly good character" means that the lima beans may be nearly mature and possess a fairly tender texture, may be firm and mealy but not hard, or may be soft but not mushy.

(d) (SStd) classification. Canned lima beans that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 20 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

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Subpart-United States Standards for Grades of Frozen Lima Beans

SOURCE: 20 FR 5051, July 15, 1955, unless otherwise noted. Redesignated at 42 FR 32514, June 27, 1977 and at 46 FR 63203, Dec. 31, 1981. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION, TYPES, AND GRADES

$52.501 Product description.

"Frozen lima beans" means the frozen product prepared from the clean, sound, succulent seed of the lima bean plant without soaking, by shelling, washing, blanching, and properly draining, and is then frozen in accordance with good commercial practice and maintained at temperatures necessary for the preservation of the product.

[22 FR 1707, Mar. 16, 1957. Redesignated at 42 FR 32514, June 27, 1977 and at 46 FR 63203, Dec. 31, 1981]

$52.502 Types of frozen lima beans.

(a) "Thin-seeded," such as Henderson Bush and Thorogreen varieties.

(b) "Thick-seeded Baby Potato," such as Baby Potato, Baby Fordhook, and Evergreen.

(c) "Thick-seeded," such as Fordhook variety.

$52.503 Grades of frozen lima beans.

(a) "U.S. Grade A" or "U.S. Fancy" is the quality of frozen lima beans that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a good flavor; that are tender; that possess a good color; that are practically free from defects; and that score not less than 90 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(b) "U.S. Grade B" or "U.S. Extra Standard" is the quality of frozen lima beans that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a good flavor; that are reasonably tender; that possess a reasonably good color; that are reasonably free from defects; and that score not less than 80 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(c) "U.S. Grade C" or "U.S. Standard" is the quality of frozen lima beans that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a fairly good flavor;

that are fairly tender; that possess a fairly good color; that are fairly free from defects; and that score not less than 70 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(d) "Substandard" is the quality of frozen lima beans that fail to meet the requirements of U.S. Grade C or U.S. Standard.

FACTORS OF QUALITY

$52.504 Ascertaining the grade.

(a) General. In addition to considering other requirements outlined in the standards, the following quality factors are evaluated:

(1) Factors not rated by score points. (1) Varietal characteristics.

(ii) Flavor.

(iii) Tenderness.

(2) Factors rated by score points. The relative importance of each factor which is scored is expressed numerically on the scale of 100. The maximum number of points that may be given each such factor is:

Factors

that the value may be ascertained for such factors and expressed numerically. The numerical range within each factor which is scored is inclusive (for example, "54 to 60 points" means 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, or 60 points).

$52.506 Color.

(a) General. The color of frozen lima beans has reference to the color characteristic of the individual lima bean.

(1) "Green" means that not less than 50 percent of the surface area of the individual lima bean possesses as much or more green color than U.S.D.A. lima bean green color stand- ard for frozen lima beans.

(2) "White" means that more than 50 percent of the surface area of the individual lima bean is lighter in color than U.S.D.A. lima bean white color standard for frozen lima beans.

(3) The U.S.D.A. frozen lima bean color standards conform to the I.C.I. and other color requirements as specified in Table No. I of this section. TABLE

COLOR REQUIREMENTS FOR U.S.D.A. COLOR STANDARDS FOR FROZEN LIMA BEANS

Color Defects

Total score

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tance M

(b) The scores for the factors of color and absence of defects are determined immediately after thawing to the extent that the product is substantially free from ice crystals and can be handled as individual units. The evaluation of the factors of tenderness and flavor of frozen lima beans is made after thawing and after the product is cooked.

(c) "Good flavor" means that the product has a good, characteristic, normal flavor and odor and is free from objectionable flavors and objectionable odors of any kind.

(d) "Fairly good flavor" means that the product may be lacking in good flavor and odor but is free from objectionable flavors and objectionable odors of any kind.

$52.505 Ascertaining the rating for the factors which are scored.

The essential variations within each factor which is scored are so described

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(4) Information regarding these color standards may be obtained by writing to the Processed Products Standardization and Inspection Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Division, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., 20250.

(b) (A) classification. Frozen lima beans that possess a good color may be given a score of 54 to 60 points. "Good color" means that the lima beans, regardless of type, possess a bright typical color and meet the following additional color requirements for the respective types:

(1) Thin-seeded type (with skins removed); Thick-seeded Baby Potato type (with skins on). (1) Not less than 93 percent, by count, of the lima beans are "green" and not more than 7 percent, by count, may be lighter in color: Pro

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