Dr. Bruinier's booklet is mainly historical, but the abundant illustrative "Lieder" scattered through the text make it far from uninteresting, even if the author's flowery style sometimes conceals his meaning.
The other work is also historical in a measure, but in the main Dr. Rehm is content to give an unvarnished account of present-day customs and festivals, grouped, it must be said, in no very logical manner. Thus the first chapter includes Christmas, Easter and Whitsuntide, and four chapters later we read about spring ceremonies, as if it were possible to divorce Carnival and Easter customs from those of Mayday. There is, of course, something to be said for chronological treatment, but the arrangement adopted has nothing to recommend it. It is somewhat curious that any one should attempt a booklet on this subject without referring to Mannhardt; but though the author explains some of the customs in the same way he does not appear to have studied either Baumkultus or any other of Mannhardt's works. N. W. T.
The Bull of the Kraal, and the Heavenly Maidens: a Tale of Black Children. By DUDLEY KIDD. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1908.
MR. DUDLEY KIDD may almost be said to have invented a new type of literature. In his Savage Childhood he wrote for the grown-up anthropologist. Now, however, he has had the happy thought of introducing the British boy to Kafir children. of his own age, and has done it so cleverly that there is bound to result a sympathy which will be the making of the future anthropologist, or the future administrator of native affairs. The scheme of the book is simple enough. A white man stays a week in the kraal of which the father of the seven-year-old hero is chief, and recounts the daily doings of the children, and the tales they are told by their grandmother before going to bed. The doings are pretty well those described in the former work, though of course a touch of drama has been added. I have just submitted the chapter dealing with bird-traps to a critic of eight, and he was thrilled. I hold in reserve the
to his inmost marrow. The grandmother's tales, on the other hand (which by the way are new and curious, being literally translated from Tshindao originals), seemed somewhat to puzzle the youthful auditor. I think they were too naïve even for him. Miss Goodall's coloured illustrations are excellent, but I should like to know if the flamingo-coloured wings of the Heavenly Maidens are according to native authority. In the picture they strike one as bizarre, though I confess I can frame no better image of what a naked black angel ought to look like. R. R. MARETT.
Sånglekår fran Nääs, af OTTO HELLGREN. Pp. 139.
THIS little work contains an interesting collection of the popular dance-songs of Sweden with the airs to which they are sung, and a full description of the figures of the dances. Its publication forms part of the movement for reviving these dances and songs, and giving them a wider vogue through the medium of the primary schools. During a During a recent visit to Sweden I was privileged, through the kindness of Prof. J. R. Rydberg, to witness the performance of many of these dances by a large assembly of teachers of primary schools, both male and female, who had been gathered together for extension lectures at the University of Lund. They were carried through with great spirit and success. This book contains all the information necessary for organising these dances; a slight knowledge of Swedish is all that is required.
Most of the songs seem to be old folksongs with old airs; but many are no doubt modern, and some are borrowed from other lands, including a few from England.
Books for Review should be addressed to
THE EDITOR OF Folk-Lore,
c/o DAVID NUTT,
Aberdeenshire, see Balmoral; Craigour
hill; Durris; Kinedward; and Nigg,
bay of
Abortion, see Birth customs and
beliefs
Abruzzi (see also Cocullo; Intro-
dacqua; Pratola Peligna; Scanno ;
and Sulmona); incubation, 313-5
(plate)
Absent Husband type of folktales, 153
Abydos (Egypt); road of souls, 184
Accidents, amulets against, Cologne,
83-4, Flanders, 206-7
Accounts of Folk-Lore Society, 10-1
Achewa: 254; female descent, 255
Achilles, Greek hero, 64, 67, 73, 163
Achipeta, see Achewa
Adare: headless coach, 321
Adder stone, 365
Adders Swallowing their Young, by
E. Peacock, 473-4
Adelaide burial customs, 394-5;
divination of causer of death, 395-6
Adisa, daughter of Styr, 158
Adityavarman, tale of, 156
Admetus and Alkestis, saga of, 62
Ægean islands, see Greek islands
Aegi, hill of: magical pitchers &c., 72
Aegis, see Shields
Aeolus island of, 176, 184; keeper of
winds, 185
Aetion, barrow of, Iliad, 66
Afreet, Egyptian: in animal shapes,
471-2; eats fire, 472; fire keeps
off, 472; knife controls, 471
Africa: (see also Algeria; Amazulu;
Angoniland; Ashanti; Basutos;
Bushman; Congo Free State;
Dahomey; Damaraland; Egypt;
Gazaland; Gold Coast; Hottentots;
Kafirs; Morocco; Nigeria; Nyassa-
land; Transvaal; and Uganda);
Kidd's Kafir Socialism and the
Dawn of Individualism: an Intro-
duction to the Study of the Native
Problem reviewed, 252-4; secret
societies, 371; west, zodiac rings
from, 214, 294
Agamede, daughter of Augeias, 60-1
Agamemnon, King, see King Aga-
Agnation or father-right: Amazulu,
255; Australia, 102-3; Nyassaland,
255
Agnus Dei cakes, 203, 206
Agricultural folklore: (see also Corn;
Corn spirits, vegetation souls, and
the like; Harvest customs and be-
liefs; and Sowing customs and
beliefs); amongst Celto-Latins, 368;
charm against blight, Kerry, 323
Ahmed the orphan, tale of, 156
Aigai: Aigeus derived from, 239
Aigeus name for Poseidon, 239
Ainu Amazon legend, 161
Aisholt camp and battle tradition, 36
Ala-ud-din, tale of, 62
Albino head of ndembo society,
Lower Congo, 423; incarnation of
water spirit, Lower Congo, 422-3;
powers of, Lower Congo, 422-3
Alcinous, King, see King Alcinous
Alexander the Two-horned, 507
Alexandros, in Iliad, 59
Algeria amulet, 223
Ali Baba, tale of, 187
Alice Springs, see Arranda tribe
Alkestis, in Iliad, 62
All Father, see Deity, conceptions of
Alnaschar type of folktales, 117
Aloe-tree leaves as amulet, Rhodes,
469 (plate)
Aloidae, the, 162-3
Amazons: in Iliad &c., 160-2; in
saga of Bellerophon, 157
Amazulu: bangles as amulets, England,
294; circumcision, 284; father-right
derived from, Nyanja, 255; folk-
tale, 165; language, 281
Amber amuletic, 365, Flanders,
208-9
America, see Central America; North
America; and South America
Amulets and talismans, 71, 83-9, 131,
200-24 (plates), 258, 288-303 (plates),
314, 340-2, 361-6, 419, 431-2, 469-
70 (plate), 474-5
Amulets used in Lincolnshire, by
Amyntor: Autolycus steals from, 181
Anapu, in Egyptian tale, 156
Anatolia folktale, 310-11; praying
for rain, 308-12; prehistoric popu-
lation, 58
Ancestors: worshipped, Balemba, 286
Anchor as amulet, England, 293,
Flanders, 204, Portugal, 218-9
(plate), 222 (plate)
Angipena burial customs, 394
Anglesey :
Bees and Withered
Branches, by H. H. Johnson, 339
Angoniland, see Achewa; Nyanja;
and Yao
Animals in folklore: (see also Antelope;
Ape; Baboon; Badger; Bat; Bear;
Birds in folklore; Buffalo; Camel;
Cat; Cattle; Centipede; Coyote;
Deer; Dingo; Dog; Donkey;
Dragon; Earthworm; Eland; Ele-
phant; Fish in folklore; Fox; Goat;
Gryphon; Hare; Hedgehog; Horse;
Insects in folklore; Jackal; Kyang;
Leopard; Lion; Monkey; Mouse;
Mule; Musk-deer; Newt; Opossum;
Panther; Pig; Rabbit; Rat;
Reptiles in folklore; Sea-cow;
Seal; Shao; Sheep; Shrew-mouse;
Slow-worm; Sponge; Squirrel;
Tiger; Unicorn; Wallaby; Wer-
beasts; Whale; Wolf; Wood-
worm; Yak; and Zebra); amulets
to protect, Flanders, 206-7, Italy,
211; clan names from, Panjab,
268; in folktales, 17-8, 23, 25;
head of slain beast Gorgoneion on
deity's aegis, 70; language known
to Melampus, 62; language, means
to understand, 64-5; living animal
put into idol, China, 91; St. Anthony
the Hermit patron of domestic
animals, Flanders, 210; speaking,
in jatakas, 114
Animism: amongst
368-9; in Homeric poems, 63;
Lower Niger, 498
Annual Meeting, 3-4; Report of
Council, 5-11
Anodyne necklace, 292
Ant: red earth of nests as delicacy
and remedy, Lower Congo, 419
Anteia, in saga of Bellerophon, 156
Antelope blood offered at great
hunter's grave, Lower Congo, 433;
in folktale, Nyanja, 256; horn for
hunting charm, Lower Congo, 432;
433-4; one-horned, Bushman draw-
ing, 107; tail-tip reserved by hunter,
Lower Congo, 433-5
Anthropophagy, see Cannibalism
Antilochus, in Iliad, 64
Antrim: (see also Portrush); amulets,
299 (plate), 300; "grup," charm
for, 299
Anyanji, see Nyanja
Ape of Java identified with pigmies,
162; in Kalilah-wa-Dimnah, 116;
name of, Ila, 255
Aphrodite magic girdle of, Iliad,
70-1
Apollo in Greek cults, 239-40; in
Homeric poems, 70, 162, 164-5;
mouse A., 237
Apple: apples of Hesperides, 62
Apple-tree: death warning from
unseasonable blossoms, Lincoln-
shire, 467; from grave in folktale,
66; wassailing, Twelfth Night,
Somerset, 91
Arabian Nights, 74, 153-4, 158, 161,
167, 178-9, 184, 187, 335
Arabs: folktales, 76, 154, 158, 167,
173, 178, 501-3
Arcadian, see Erymanthus ; and
Phigalia
Argolis, see Lerna; and Troezen
Argonauts, saga of, 60-1
Argyllshire, see Ballachulish
Arion the horse, 64
Aristotle folklore in his History of
Animals, 106-7
Arjuna, in Bhagavad-gitâ, 491
Arranda tribe: male descent of privi-
leges, 103; marriage customs, 99-
103; totemism, 102-3
Arrow as amulet, 362, Naples, 223,
Portugal, 219, 222-3; flint arrow-
heads as amulets, 297, and in
charm, Antrim, 299
Arsenic as amulet against plague,
Artemis: in Greek cults, 238; in
Iliad, 65, 165
Arthur, King, see King Arthur
Arunta tribe: conception ideas, 161;
dead, disposal of, 391, 403; graves,
399; language, 391
Ashanti: female bodyguard, 161
Ashes in hunting charm, Lower
Congo, 432
Ash-tree in charm against hernia,
Somerset, 88
Asia, see Arabs; Asia Minor; Assyria;
Babylon; Baluchistan; Chaldaea;
China; Cyprus; East Indies;
Edessa; India; Japan; Malay
Peninsula ; Palestine ; Persia;
Phoenicians; Syria; Tibet; and
Turkey-in-Asia
Asia Minor: (see also Caria; Cilicia ;
Lycia; Lydia ; Mysia; and
Phrygia); in Homeric poems, 57;
temple slaves origin of Amazon
legend, 160-1
Asklepios in Iliad, 60; as snake,
60
Asoka, Emperor: wife in tale of
Kunāla, 156-7
Ass, see Donkey
Assam: (see also Manipur; Meitheis;
Mikirs; Moirang; and Nagas);
women's village, tale of, 161
Assyria: (see also Nineveh); Pinches'
Religion of Babylonia and Assyria
reviewed, 124-5
Asthma: amulet against, London, 299
Astragals, 107
Astrological amulets, 293 (plate), 295,
297, 362
Astronomical folklore: (see also Moon;
Stars; Sun; and Zodiac, signs of);
amongst Celto-Latins, 368; no
cult of heavenly bodies, Lower
Niger, 498
August: (see also Lammas); Ist,
festival of Lug, Ireland &c., 384;
2nd Friday, fair, South Queens-
ferry, 379; Sunday after Lammas
Day, feast of St. Wilfrid, Ripon,
464-6 (plate)
Ausgewählte Erzählungen aus Hem-
achandras Parisishṭaparvan, by J.
Hertel, reviewed, 347-52
Aus Natur und Geisteswelt, Bands 7
and 214, by J. W. Bruinier and
H. S. Rehm, noticed, 508-9
Australia: (see also Carpentaria, Gulf
of; New South Wales; Queens-
land; South Australia; Torres
Straits; Victoria; West Australia;
and under names of tribes); burial
customs, 53; The Disposal of the
Dead in Australia, by N. W.
Thomas, 388-408; languages, 388-
9; sex totemism, 484
Austro-Hungary, see Bohemia; Bosnia;
Herzegovina; Hungary; Poland;
and Transylvania
Autolycus, in Homeric poems, 181
Babel, tower of: in folktale, Assam,
482
Babies, see Children
Baboon as clan name, Nyanja, 255;
in folktales, Hottentots, 118,
Nyanja, 256, Tibet, 116, 118
Babylon: capture by Darius, 189;
Pinches' Religion of Babylonia and
Assyria reviewed, 124-5; spread
of civilisation from, 57-8; tale, 157;
writing diffused from, 155
Backwards: so looking forbidden
after circumcision rites, Transvaal,
284
Badger hair as amulet, Crete, 469;
skin used in harness &c., Flanders,
Asuras, in heaven-scaling legend, 163 | Badgworth: St Congar, 33
Athelney, 31, 33, 37-8
Athene in Homeric poems, 70, 73
Athens: amulets, 469; tale of Peisi-
stratus, 189
Atlas, folktale of, 57
Attica: (see also Athens); Poseidon,
239; tribal society, 246
Au Bon Vieux Temps: Récits, Contes
et Légendes de l'Ancien Bocage
Normand: Jeux, Vieilles Chansons,
by A. Madelaine, reviewed, 493
Auditors, election of, 4
Badr-al-din Hassan, tale of, 153
Bahkunji tribe: burial customs, 400;
stones &c. on graves, 400
Baiame, 485
Baile and Ailinn, folktale of, 66
Balance Sheet of Folk-Lore Society, II
Ba-Lauti implements of, 279
Balder: death of, 164; death ship, 494
Baldness caused by Monday hair-
cutting, Ireland, 319
Balemba of the Zoutpansberg (Trans-
vaal), The, by H. Junod, 258,
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