described with 3 bodies or 3 heads. Hence her epithets Tergemina, Triformis, Triceps, etc. She took an active part in the search after Proserpina, and when the latter was found, remained with her as her attendant and companion. She thus became a deity of the lower world, and is described in this capacity as a mighty and formidable divinity. She was supposed to send at night all kinds of demons and terrible phantoms from the lower world. She taught sorcery and witchcraft, and dwelt at places where two roads crossed, on tombs, and near the blood of murdered persons. She herself wandered about with the souls of the dead, and her approach was announced by the whining and howling of dogs. At Athens, at the close of every month, dishes with food were set out for her at the points where two roads crossed; and this food was consumed by poor people. The sacrifices offered to her consisted of dogs, honey, and black female lambs. HELENA. mained without the walls, though his parents implored him to return; but when he saw Achilles, his heart failed him, and he took to flight. Thrice did he race round the city, pursued by the swift-footed Achilles, and then fell pierced by Achilles's spear. Achil les tied Hector's body to his chariot, and thus dragged him into the camp of the Greeks: but later traditions relate that he first dragged the body thrice round the walls of Ilium. At the command of Zeus (Jupiter), Achilles surrendered the body to the prayers of Priam, who buried it at Troy with great pomp. Hector is one of the noblest conceptions of the poet of the Iliad. He is the great bulwark of Troy, and even Achilles trembles when he approaches him. He has a presentiment of the fall of his country, but he perseveres in his heroic resistance, preferring death to slavery and disgrace. Besides these virtues of a warrior, he is distinguished also by those of a man: his heart is open to the gentle feelings of a son, a husband, and a father. HECUBA (-ae) and HECUBE (-es), daughter of Dymas in Phrygia, or of Cisseus, king of Thrace. She was the wife of Priam, king of Troy, to whom she bore Hector, Paris, and many other children. After the fall of Troy she was carried away as a slave by the Greeks. On the coast of Thrace she revenged the murder of her son Polydorus by slaying Polymestor. [POLYDORUS.] She was metamorphosed into a dog, and leaped into the sea at a place called Cynossema, or "the tomb of the dog." HEGESINUS (-i), of Pergamum, the successor of Evander, and the immediate predecessor of Carneades in the chair of the Academy, flourished about B. c. 185. HEGESIPPUS (-i), an Athenian orator, and a contemporary of Demosthenes, to whose political party he belonged. The grammarians ascribe to him the oration on Halonesus, which has come down to us under the name of Demosthenes. HELENA (-ae) and HELENE (-es), daughter of Zeus (Jupiter) and Leda, and sister of Castor and Pollux (the Dioscuri). She was of surpassing beauty. In her youth she was carried off by Theseus and Pirithous to Attica. When Theseus was absent in Hades, Castor and Pollux undertook an expedition to Attica to liberate their sister. Athens was Hecate. (Causei, Museum Romanum, vol. 1, tav. 21.) taken, Helen delivered, and Aethra, the mother of Theseus, made prisoner, and carried as HECATOMPYLOS (-i), a city in the middle a slave of Helen to Sparta. On her return of Parthia, enlarged by Seleuens, and after-home she was sought in marriage by the nowards used by the Parthian kings as a royal blest chiefs from all parts of Greece. She chose Menelaus for her husband, and became by him the mother of Hermione. She was subsequently seduced by Paris, and carried off to Troy. [For details, see PARIS and MEN residence. HECATONNESI (-ōrum), that is, the 100 islands, the name of a group of small islands between Lesbos and the coast of Aeolis. HECTOR (-ŏris), the chief hero of the Trojans in their war with the Greeks, was the eldest son of Priam and Hecuba, the husband of Andromache, and father of Scamandrius. He fought with the bravest of the Greeks, and at length slew Patroclus, the friend of Achilles. The death of his friend roused Achilles to the fight. The other Trojans fled before him into the city. Hector alone re ELAUS.] The Greek chiefs who had been her suitors resolved to revenge her abduction, and accordingly sailed against Troy. Hence arose the celebrated Trojan war, which lasted 10 years. During the course of the war she is represented as showing great sympathy with the Greeks. After the death of Paris, towards the end of the war, she married his brother Deiphobns. On the capture of Troy, which she is said to have favored, she be trayed Deiphobus to the Greeks, and became reconciled to Menelaus, whom she accompanied to Sparta. Here she lived with him for some years in peace and happiness. The accounts of Helen's death differ. According to the prophecy of Proteus in the Odyssey, Menelaus and Helen were not to die, but the gods were to conduct them to Elysium. Others relate that she and Menelaus were buried at Therapne in Laconia. Others, again, relate that after the death of Menelaus she was driven out of Peloponnesus by the sons of the latter, and fled to Rhodes, where she was tied to a tree and strangled by Polyxo: the Rhodians expiated the crime by dedicating a temple to her under the name of Helena Dendritis. According to another tradition she married Achilles in the island of Leuce, and bore him a son, Euphorion. HELENA, FLAVIA JULIA (-ae), mother of Constantine the Great, was a Christian, and is said to have discovered at Jerusalem the sepulchre of our Lord, together with the wood of the true cross. HELENA (-ae), a small and rocky island, between the S. of Attica and Ceos, formerly called Cranaë. HELENUS (-i), son of Priam and Hecuba, celebrated for his prophetic powers. He deserted his countrymen and joined the Greeks. There are various accounts respecting his desertion of the Trojans. According to some he did it of his own accord; according to others, he was ensnared by Ulysses, who was anxious to obtain his prophecy respecting the fall of Troy. Others, again, relate that, on the death of Paris, Helenus and Deiphobus contended for the possession of Helena, and that Helenns, being conquered, fled to Mount Ida, where he was taken prisoner by the Greeks. After the fall of Troy he fell to the share of Pyrrhus. He foretold to Pyrrhus the sufferings which awaited the Greeks who returned home by sea, and prevailed upon him to return by land to Epirus. After the death of Pyrrhus he received a portion of that country, and married Andromache. When Aeneas in his wanderings arrived in Epirus, he was hospitably received by Helenus. HELIXDAE (-arum) and HELIXDES (-um), the sons and daughters of Helios (the Sun). The name Heliades is given especially to Phaethusa, Lampetie, and Phoebe, the daughters of Helios and the nymph Clymene, and the sisters of Phaethon. They bewailed the death of their brother Phaethon so bitterly on the banks of the Eridanus that the gods in compassion changed them into poplar-trees and their tears into amber. [ERIDANES.] HELICE (-es). (1) Daughter of Lycaon, beloved by Zeus (Jupiter). Hera, out of jealousy, metamorphosed her into a she-bear, whereupon Zeus placed her among the stars, under the name of the Great Bear.-(2) The ancient capital of Achaia, swallowed up by an earthquake, together with Bura, B.o. 373. HELICON (-onis), a celebrated range of mountains in Boeotia, between the lake Copais and the Corinthian gulf, covered with snow the greater part of the year, sacred to HELIOS. Apollo and the Muses; the latter are hence called Heliconiades and Heliconides. Here sprung the celebrated fountains of the Muses, AGANIPPE and HIPPOCRENE. HELIODORUS (-i). (1) A rhetorician at Rome in the time of Augustus, whom Horace mentions as the companion of his journey to Brundusium.-(2) A Stoic philosopher at Rome, who became a delator in the reign of Nero." HELIOGABALUS. [ELAGABALUS.] HELIOPOLIS (-is: i. e. the City of the Sun). (1) (Heb. Baalath: Baalbek, Ru.), a celebrated city of Syria, a chief seat of the worship of Baal, one of whose symbols was the sun. Hence the Greek name of the city. It was situated in the middle of Coele-Syria, at the W. foot of Anti-Libanus, and was a place of great commercial importance, being on the direct road from Egypt and the Red Sea, and also from Tyre to Syria, Asia Minor, and Europe. Its ruins, which are very extensive and magnificent, are of the Roman period. (2) O. T. On; a celebrated city of Lower Egypt, on the E. side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, a little below the apex of the Delta, and a chief seat of the Egyptian nowned for their learning. worship of the sun. Its priests were re HELIOS (-i), called SOL (-ōlis) by the Romans, the god of the sun. He was the son Helios (the Sun). (Coin of Rhodes, in the British of Hyperion and Thea, and a brother of Selene and Eos. From his father, he is frequently called HYPERIONIDES, OF HYPERION, the latter of which is an abridged form of the patronymic, HYPERIONION. Homer describes Helios as rising in the E. from Oceanus, traversing the heaven, and descending in the evening into the darkness of the W. and bellished this simple notion. They tell of a Oceanus. Later poets have marvelously emmagnificent palace of Helios in the E., from which he starts in the morning in a chariot drawn by four horses. They also assign him a second palace in the W., and describe his horses as feeding upon herbs growing in the islands of the Blessed. Helios is described as the god who sees and hears every thing, and as thus able to reveal to Hephaestus (Vulcan) the faithlessness of Aphrodite (Venus), aud |