hanged on a tree"; in the Revised Version it is, "whom also they slew, hanging him on a tree." In neither of these cases does Bishop Wordsworth, in his Greek Testament, make any remark on the peculiarity of the construction, or rather the expression. JOHN PICKFORD, M.A.

Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.

"NOTHING VENTURE NOTHING WIN "9 (6th S. v. 408)-in other words, "Nought venture nought have"-may be found in John Heywood's Proverbs, 1562, and has its counterpart in the Latin, Italian, French, and Spanish languages.

WILLIAM Platt.

This proverb, or one equivalent to it, is much earlier than Mat. Henry. It occurs in Camden's Collection, first published in 1605, as "Nothing venture nothing have" (Remains, p. 329, Lond., 1870); and in Rag's Collection the corresponding proverbs of other nations are given with the English (Handbook of Proverbs, Bohn, p. 139). ED. MARSHALL.

The earliest occurrence of this proverb, so far as my knowledge extends, is in The Proverbs of John Heywood, first printed in 1546:

"For speake not your fortune, nor hide not your neede; Nought venter nought have; spare to speak, spare to speed." P. 67, reprint, 1874.

F. C. BIRKBECK TERRY.

TRANSLATIONS OF THE 151ST PSALM (6th S. iv. 109; v. 232, 312, 357).-J. O., in his "search through a large collection of the Psalmists of Britain," seems to have missed the following fine version by P. Hately Waddell, LL.D. (The Psalms: frae Hebrew intil Scottis, Edinburgh, 1877). I think it is worthy of insertion in your columns:"David and Goliath.

This bit lilt o' his ain till David's Praise,
Whan he fought again Goliath,
Stan's like a to-fa' till the Psalms
[Quo' the LXX.]

Sma' was I amang brether o' mine;
An' the bairn was 1, i' my faither's ha';

My faither's fe I was hirdin;

My han's they wrought the organ fine;'
An' my fingers, wi' thairms, the harp an' a'
They war girdin.

An' wha was't tell'd the LORD o' me?
The LORD himsel, he hearken'd till me;
An' his rinner be sent, an' he cried me awa'
Cried me awa' frae my faither's fe;
An' wi' chrystin oyle o' his ain an' a',

He chrystit me;

Brether o' mine, they war brave an' braw;
An' the LORD o' them wad hae nought ava'.

Furth gaed I, till fecht wi' the frem ;

Syne by his eidols he swure at me; Bot that swurd o' his ain, I claught it frae him; An' I sned his head frae his shouthirs trim; An' the skaith an' the scorn I carried it a', Frae the folk o' Israel, hame wi' me.' SAMUEL BRUCE.

"DOUBLE" MONASTERIES (6th S. v. 407).Since the insertion of my query, I have accidentally hit upon the list of double monasteries given by Lingard in his Anglo-Saxon Church, vol. i. p. 214, viz., Barking, Coldingham, Wenlock, Repandun, Wigorn, Wimborne, and Beverley. J. MASKELL.

THE "BRITISH AMAZON" (6th S. iii. 9, 113; v. 457).-MR. RAYNER might have given a trio of Royalist lady-commanders. Besides the Countess of Derby and Lady Arundell, there was Lady Bankes, who held Corfe Castle for the king. H. J. MOULE.

AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (4th S. vii. 535; 6th S. v. 248, 279, 319, 418).—

'Go, little book," &c.

When putting in a word for John Bunyan as the pro-
bable inventor of this familiar talk with the reader
through his book, I was unaware that we had a much
earlier example of such a charge in the Ghoostly Psalms
and Spirituall Songes of Miles Coverdale (1539). Taking
up this book (the reprint, of course) by mere chance,
read upon its title, in black letter, without punctuation,
the following address:-
"To the boke.

Go lytle boke, get the acquaintaunce
Amonge the lovers of Gods worde.
Geve them occasyon the same to avaunce
And to make theyr. songes of the Lorde.
That they may thrust under the borde
All other balettes. of fylthynes.
And that we all with one accorde
May geve ensample of godlynes.
Go lytle boke amonge mens chyldren
And get the to theyr compayne

Teach them to synge y comaundementes ten
And others balettes of God's glorye

Be not ashamed I warande the

Though thou be rude in songe and ryme
Thou shalt to youth some occasion be.

In godly.sportes to passe theyr tyme."

J. O.

Baedeker, in each volume of his well-known Continental Guides, prints, opposite the preface, the following lines as from Chaucer:

"Go, little book, God send thee good passage,
And specially let this be thy prayere

Unto them all that thee will read or hear,

Where thou art wrong, after their help to call,
Thee to correct in any part or all."

More appropriate lines for a guide book it would be
difficult to find.
FREDERICK E. SAWYER.

(6th S. v. 409, 438.)

'Conspicuous by its [their] absence."

Lord

The first person who used this phrase in English was the late Earl Russell, when, as Lord John Russell, he addressed the electors of London on the dissolution of 1859, under date of April 7 of that year. This address appears at p. 8 of the Times of that date. Russell used it in an inadmissible form, and I wrote to the Times pointing this out. The editor published my letter, under his own heading of "Lord John Russell's Bull," at p. 9 in that journal of April 9. When his lordship_addressed the electors of London (see p. 5 of the Times of April 16) he thought it necessary to allude to the joke, and (quoting the

phrase without the context which made it a "bull") defended himself by saying it was "a turn of phraseology which was not an original expression of his, but was taken from one of the greatest historians of antiquity." The passage he alluded to was unquestionably that in Tacitus given by T. W. C., which (as needs not be said) is good and pure. But on referring to the Times of the above dates it will be seen that there was a bungle in the mode of applying it. J. J. AUBERTIN.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. An Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language. By J. Jamieson, D.D. A New Edition, by John Longmuir, A.M., LL.D., and D. Donaldson, F.E.I.S. Vols. III. and IV. (Paisley, Gardner.) WE have before spoken of the previous volumes of this work, and have now to congratulate our readers on its completion. There is little need to enlarge upon the merits of Jamieson's work, which has long been well known and appreciated. The present reissue is in every way an improvement upon the old edition. In particular, the incorporation in the body of the work of the very large supplement is a great gain, as the reader has now only one alphabet to consult, and knows at once in which volume he will find a given word. Mr. Donaldson has certainly done his part with care and thoroughness, inserting the large number of Banffshire and Shetland words which have been collected since Jamieson's work was first published. He has also amended in some places both explanations and etymologies.

།

In many cases it is a matter of regret that Jamieson's etymologies have been retained. Some of his disquisitions take up valuable space and are very incorrect; but it was hardly possible to set them aside without changing the whole character of the book. In his time Jamieson was a good etymologist, but philology has since made such great advances that he can hardly be so considered now. This result is due rather to the lapse of time than to anything else, and it was not to be expected that he could have done better with the insufficient authorities which he consulted. As a specimen of the curious gossip which at one time passed current as being credible, take the following specimen. After correctly explaining, s.v. May, the relation of the word to the A.-S. mag, a son, and, consequently, to the Mod. E. maid, he adds:-"Perhaps the O.F. mye, maitresse, amie, is from the same origin; v. Gloss. Rom. Rose. As Belg. maeghd, meydsen, meyssen, are used in the same sense with our term, Mr. Mac Pherson ingenuously inquires if the latter be the word miss, of late prefixed to the names of young ladies.'" Surely it is sufficiently obvious that the O.F. mye is merely short for amie Lat. amica; whilst miss is short for mistress, which is known to be of Latin, not of "Belgic" origin. May, mye, and miss certainly begin with the same letter, which seems to have been considered as a sufficient justification for mixing them up together. It happens, indeed, that may and miss are ultimately from the same Aryan root, but that is nothing to the purpose, for it is clear that this was neither perceived nor meant. Perhaps by using the word "ingenuously Jamieson intended some disbelief in Mr. Mac Pherson's extraordinary guess. Let us hope it was so.

gratitude the numerous excellent and well-selected examples of the use of curious words, each accompanied by a sufficient and very useful reference. Especially valuable are the quotations from Wyntoun, Barbour, Douglas, Blind Harry's Wallace, Lyndsay, Dunbar, Burns, Ramsay, Ross, and many other notable writers, not forgetting him who was once "The Great Unknown."

At the commencement of vol. iv. we find the following important note:-"It was intended that this volume should contain a memoir of Dr. Jamieson, and an Essay on the Scottish Language; but the additions to the Text have been so numerous and extensive as to render this impossible. The Publisher therefore proposes to issue, by and bye [sic], a Supplementary Volume containing the above-named matter, and such additional words as may be gleaned by the kindly aid of those into whose hands the work may come. The re-arrangement and grouping of the words, and nearly all the additions and corrections from the middle of the first volume, have been made by Mr. Donaldson."

We certainly owe to Mr. Donaldson no small debt, and, by way of giving him a very insignificant piece of assistance, we will conclude by pointing out a few things which have escaped his vigilance.

All three

The verb layne does not mean " to tell a falsehood," nor has it any relation to lie, nor any relation to the "A.-S. leanian," which is a mere derivative of A.-S. leán, a loan. To layne is to hide, Icel. leyna, M.E. leinen (Stratmann); and the phrase nought to layne, lit. "not to hide," means "not to be concealed," or "if I must tell the whole matter." It is a common phrase, and a mere expletive. The whole explanation is wrong. Jamieson gives a second verb to layne, not explained, and then a third verb to layne, "to conceal.' verbs are one and the same. Under liggar Jamieson quotes "lig, to lag"; for "lag" read lie, as the next line shows. Under low, a flame, he cites lilly low, and derives lilly from a supposed A.-S. liglic, flame-like. But lilly low is merely the Dan. lille lue, a little flame. Under nicete we are offered a derivation from F. niais, which has nothing to do with it; after which the F. niais is derived from the Gothic equivalent of E. nesh, which is again quite wrong. Under nub berry, 1. 16; there is a printer's error, the word knob appearing as knoo. Under ogart there are nine lines of "etymology," all beside the mark. The proper M.E. form is ongart, given by Stratmann under angart, on p. 30, col. 1. Overby is not derived from A.-S. ofwer and bygan, but from ofer and bycgan. The derivation of rote, a musical instrument, is discussed at length, but vaguely enough. It is merely a French spelling of the O.H.G. hrota, which again is merely a German spelling of the old Celtic word for a kind of fiddle, still called cruth in Welsh, and found in English authors with the spelling crowd. The extraordinary notion that a fiddle was played by turning a wheel (Lat. rota /), like a hurdy-gurdy, seems to have been invented by Roquefort. It is quoted by Ritson, and again by Jamieson, which shows how errors losenothing by repetition.

Familiar Studies of Men and Books. By R. L. Stevenson. (Chatto & Windus.)

of Villon, that Parisian gamin of the fifteenth century. This Rabelais in verse is too paltry a rascal to fascinate by his crimes, though the lurid light which his poems and his career throw on the low life of Paris in the reign of Louis XI. can hardly be obtained from any other source. Admiring friends sang the Iliad of his life in the Repues Franches, and his reputation for rascality once stood so high that his name has been derived from the old French word for a rogue, and it has even been supposed that he was the eponymous hero of all who trod the path of villainy. The figure he plays in French literature will, however, always redeem his name from oblivion, though his other claim to fame has been rejected by learned scholars. He was the first French poet who handled verse with ease, he was a consummate master of rhyme, and he was the true originator of that form of verse to which his imitator Marot succeeded in leaving the name Marotic.

The Growth of English Industry and Commerce. By W. Cunningham, M.A. (Cambridge, University Press.) MR. CUNNINGHAM has devoted himself to a side of our national history which, in spite of its paramount importance, has been somewhat neglected. His reading has been extensive, and he presents the results of his studies in a well-arranged, intelligible, and, on the whole, attractive form. His book abounds with interesting facts respecting the progress of industrial enterprise and the channels which it has furrowed for itself, or the devices which have at various times been adopted by the legislature for its acceleration. In the numerous references to original or first-rate authorities the reader will find all the necessary assistance to enable him to follow up any special branch of the subject, which is of necessity often allusively treated. Mr. Cunningham has sternly sacrificed the picturesque to the true. There are no vivid pictures of the state of society in the various stages of its development, but the solid facts with which we are supplied will enable us to form a more trustworthy estimate of the progress of social changes than could be based on mere description.

our

Six Etchings of well-known Views in Kensington Gardens and Hyde Park. By Tristram J. Ellis. With a Descriptive Account by W. J. Loftie. (Field & Tuer.) Or the six attractive etchings Mr. Ellis has issued to illustrate the scenes of which Londoners have most cause to be proud, three deal with the most familiar spots in Hyde Park, and three with the more secluded beauties of Kensington Gardens. The latter trio are favourites. Mr. Ellis, though he has a portion of his art to learn, stands far in front of many modern etchers. He is signally successful in dealing with trees and with shadows, and, indeed, with inanimate objects generally. Nothing can be daintier than much of his foliage. In composition he is also successful; his points of view are well chosen, and the sincerity of the treatment is noticeable. In dealing with figures he is less happy. Whenever the intended effect is manqué, and on the rarer occasions when a sense of amusement is aroused, it is always due to want of skill in dealing with animate nature. There is, however, abundance of vigour. To those familiar with the scenes depicted-as what Londoner is not?-these etchings form a delightful souvenir; for those who follow us and are likely to see these spots under changed conditions they will probably have interest even higher. Mr. Ellis is to be commended for much excellent and some admirable work, and his future progress cannot be other than a matter of interest to Íovers of art.

No. 1 of the Antiquarian Chronicle and Literary Advertiser, published by the well-known antiquarian

bookseller Mr. J. H. Fennell, Red Lion Court, has reached us. It contains quaint gleanings from old newspapers relating to Kent, Lancashire, Lincolnshire, and other counties, together with notes on antiquarian subjects. It certainly cannot now be said that there is any lack of publications open to communications from the pen of a nineteenth century Monkbarns. We are old enough to "mind the biggin'" of most of these periodicals, and we hope that the cry" Search!" will long continue to be profitably raised by all our several brethren in the craft.

THE third portion of the Catalogue of the Sunderland Library has been forwarded to us by Messrs. Puttick & Simpson. It contains quite as important books as its two predecessors, and the same, or even greater, care has been taken with their arrangement and description. Apart from the purposes of the moment, this catalogue will have a permanent interest as an important contribution to bibliography. There are here several of the rarest books relating to America, among them a complete copy of Gorge's America Painted to the Life. We also notice three editions of Mandeville's travels, and what seems to be a complete collection of the published writings of Leland. Under the heading of Jurisprudentia several important books are classed which are almost unknown to English students.

THE Antiquary for July will contain an article on St. Swithin and other saints whose names have been associated with rainy weather.

contain a photograph of a hitherto unknown portrait of THE July number of the Antiquarian Magazine will Milton, with a paper by Mr. Walford showing some reasons for believing that it may have been painted by the poet himself.

Notices to Correspondents.

We must call special attention to the following notice: ON all communications should be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith.

Banefire, ignis ossium (Catholicon Anglicanum, A.D. BOGWOOD ("Bonfire")."(E.) Orig. a bone-fire. 1483), where bane is the Northern form of bone" (Skeat's Concise Etymological Dictionary of the English Language).

C. M. I.-You cannot have seen List II. issued by Dr. Murray. The date there is 1877. Can you give an instance of the word anything like as early as 1377?

J. CLARKE.-The printing of letter A of the Philological Society's New English Dictionary has commenced. IGNORAMUS.-We should say "A certain play of Shakspeare's."

W. T. LYNN ( Humbug").-See "N. & Q.," 5th S. v. 83, 332, 416; vi. 16, 38; vii. 32, 194.

A. MASSON ("Pouring oil on troubled waters").-See "N. & Q.," 6th S. iii. 69, 252, 298.

CORRIGENDUM.-6th S. v. 466, col. 1, 1. 7 from bottom, for "katzenbackelig " read katzenbuckelig.

NOTICE.

Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries ""-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"-at the Office, 20, Wellington Street, Strand, London, W.C.

We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception.

S. P. LOW, Esq. (Messrs. Grindlay & Co.). CHARLES S. PARIS, Esq., 10, St. James's Street, S.W. The Hon. FRANCIS PARKER, 3, Temple Gardens, E.C. NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN, that the Fifteen Days of grace allowed for Renewal of Midsummer Policies will expire on 8th July Claims under Life Policies are payable upon proof of death and title being furnished to the satisfaction of the Court of Directors, without as hitherto deferring the settlement for a period of three months. Prospectuses. Copies of the Accounts, and other information, can be bad on application. JOHN P. LAURENCE, Secretary.

GRESHAM LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY,

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Rheumatism, Neuralgia.-It is sometimes difficult to determine which of these diseases is afflicting the sufferer, but this ignorance will not matter if Holloway's remedies be used. alleviate and cure all muscular, nervous, and spasmodic pains. In hereditary rheumatism, after bathing the affected parts with warm salt water, Holloway's Ointment should be well rubbed upon the spot, that it may penetrate and exert its soothing and regulating properties on the deeper vessels and nerves which are unduly excited, and cause both the pain and swelling. Holloway's remedies possess the merit of removing the disease without debilitating the constitution, which was the inevitable result of the bleeding, mercury, and colchicum practice formerly adopted in these complaints.