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of Herrnhut. He was one of the early Moravian families, and came over with the Sea Congregation of 120 souls, in 1743.

John Münster, another of the early Moravian exiles, reposes here. He was born in the year 1700, and was one of the number who fled from Zauchtenthal. He also came over with the second Sea Congregation, and, at the conclusion of an active life in the Brethren's service, settled in Friedensthal, where he was appointed Haus Liturgus (House Chaplain), and, in the words of the record left us, he ended his days in that peaceful state that resembles the last flickerings of the taper.

Elizabeth Payne, another occupant of the Hutberg, was born in England, in 1669. She crossed the ocean in the Little Strength, at the age of 74 years, and was the oldest member of the American Brethren's Church. While at Bethlehem, she devoted herself to the pilgrims who came in from all directions, and, on her removal to Nazareth, she occupied the place assigned her in the Widows' House and was the first widow who died there. She expired in her 87th year. After the new graveyard had been designed, the ancient "Hutberg" lay in a neglected condition until 1867, when measures were taken to resuscitate it, and perpetuate its remembrance.

A marble cenotaph has been erected in the center of the burial-ground, recording the names of the 66 persons interred there, while, in another portion of the inclosure, a neat little pavilion serves as a resting-place for pilgrims to the venerable spot and at the same time, as an observatory overlooking the surrounding country. Here a landscape opens to the eye that is unsurpassed for its beauty and magnificence.

The present cemetery was confined to a few square rods, in its original design, protected by a rude fence, and the first burial took place on the 14th day of Feb

ruary, 1756, contemporary with the completion of the Hall. On that day, the Brethren of Nazareth, Bethlehem, Gnadenthal and all the other villages assembled to attend the interment of Peter Lehnert, whose remains were brought over from Gnadenthal and placed before the Hall. The trombone choir, which had come from Bethlehem for the purpose, sounded its solemn strains, while the Brethren formed a circle around the corpse, and the hymn was sung:

Know'st thou who the firstling is

Of those who here are sleeping?

The whole body then moved forward, the Bethlehem school boys and musicians leading the way, while the congregation followed in the usual order.

During their progress to the graveyard, the Choir played and sang, alternately. On arriving at the grave, all the choirs stood in wonted order, and Brother "Joseph" [Augustus Gottlieb] Spangenberg performed the funeral service, which was followed by the Dedication, concluded by the following impressive prayer: "Dearest Saviour! Who by Thy rest in the grave hast consecrated the earth, to Thee shall this ground be consecrated and rendered holy! Let Thy eyes fall upon this place, let Thy peace rest upon it, so that no spirit of fear or evil may ever come near it. Let Thy holy angels keep watch over it, and, when we make our pilgrimage to this spot, may we feel within our hearts Thy presence and Thy blessing."

In due time, this rude and humble burial-ground was extended and a suitable fence was provided for it. For a long time, however, and far into the present century, the aspect of the sacred place was dreary and uninviting to the visitor. The entrance itself with its inscription over the gate-way, "Weil ich lebe, sollt ihr auch leben,” indicated in solemn words the destiny and hope

of those who entered it for the last time, and the wearisome ascent past the Hall Garden, was no less typical of man's toil in reaching his final resting place on earth.

As a small tribute to the memory of one of Nazareth's aged citizens, I will here remark, that, in his latter days, the late John Beitel sought pleasure in planting everA greens within the precincts of the new God's Acre. portion of the old Diacony farm of Nazareth allotted to the cemetery in 1855, in view of its future extension, has been propitious to the culture of the evergreen and a most luxurious growth has been the result.

From what has been stated, it would appear that the cemetery now in use has existed 135 years, and during all this time no encroachment has been made upon the form and simplicity of the Moravian tablet, with its unpretentious record of those who repose beneath the sod, and it is to be hoped that this style of entombment will never change.

MEMOIR OF CHRISTIAN GOTTLIEB HÜFFEL,

EPISCOPUS FRATRUM.

WE have but little autobiographical material left us by Christian Gottlieb Hüffel, Bishop of the Moravian. Church, and the few incidents he has given us were written in the Latin language at the time of his departure from the Pædagogium, and relate chiefly to the period of his boyhood.

In this Journal of his earlier years, he informs us that he was born on September 13, 1762, in Kleinwelke, where his father was stationed at that time as Pastor. In 1704, his parents were called to Stettin, but in consequence of their removal, ten months later, to Russia, they were under the necessity of sending the little boy, not quite three years old, to the infant school at Herrnhut, and in conformity with the customs of the Brethren of that day, to commit him to the paternal charge of strangers. He states that in this new home he lived contented and happy for ten years, remaining some seven years in Herrnhut, and afterwards accompanying the school to Niesky. He states that he was possessed of the ready gift of learning, but like many youth of quick perception, he neglected his opportunities of making those further advances in knowledge which he admits he should have made under the favorable auspices beneath which he was placed. After recovering from an attack of small-pox in 1774, he was removed to the Padagogium in the year 1775. Here, under the kind

attention he received from Brother Zembsch, the Principal, he made considerable progress in his studies, but he again expresses regret for the further neglect of golden opportunities.

On April 17, 1775, he was admitted into the congregation, and the following year, on July 20, he partook the first time of the Holy Communion. After giving full expression to the emotions that arose within his heart during this solemn event, he concludes the humble us, and leaves memoir he has handed down to the thread of his life's history to be taken up by the Church biographer. Subsequently, he kept a Journal, passages from which are occasionally made available in the Obituary, in which he shows us how, by degrees, he entered into the more serious purposes of his future life. After his exit from the Pædagogium, he pursued a three and a half years' course of theological study at Barby.

to secure.

In 1784, he received an appointment as teacher in the school at Niesky. Here his career as tutor was singularly successful and left all those impressions of love and affection behind it which a devoted instructor never fails On Brother Hüffel's high qualities as teacher the biographer delivers an eloquent eulogium, and he shows at the same time how the preceptor and his pupils profited by the familiar intercourse of leisure hours between scholars, in building up that mutual attachment and esteem for each other which results from school-day life. The endearment between his young pupils and himself became so warmly fixed, that when, on his advancement to the Pædagogium, the separation took place, it proved a day of profound sorrow.

The Pædagogium was removed in 1789 from Niesky to Barby, and here the assiduous teacher made his entrance into the pursuits of Natural Science to which he

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