Modern organization, 13, 15; Corporations oppose, 184-86; Strikes, 187-88; Gompers' opinion on, 188; American Federation of Labor, 188, 189; And the Trusts, 191; Influence on Government, 197; Federal suits, 280-81
Large Scale Production,
Census on manufactures, 18-20; Centraliza- tion and the Trusts, 20-22; Competition and losses, 28-30; And monopoly, 31; Advantages of combination, 32, 39 et seq.; Lessens cost, 50; Price monopolies, 63-74
"Laws on Trusts and Monopolies," Gov- ernment publication, 384
Legislatures, See Political Evils
Lorain Steel Company, Stock sold to Federal Steel Co., 115
Corporation control, '104-21; Coal dealers' combination, 105-06; Sugar and Whiskey Trusts, 108; Standard Oil Trust, 108-09; Pure Oil Co., 110-11; Holding Companies, 111-14; Federal Steel Company, 115-16; Corporation law, 118, 121; Share holders' power, 119-20; Independent, 202, 207-15 Manuals,
Federal Trade Commission, 490; On current facts, 492 Manufactures,
Industrial concentration, 12, 13-21; In- ventors, 13, 14, 21; Census data, 15-20; Size of plants in U. S., 16-20; Value of output, 16-20; Increased capital, 17-20; Small industries, 18; Large scale pro- duction, 18-21, 32, 50; Competition, 23 et seq.; Competitive waste, 31-50; Pro- duction and monopoly, 31-32; Securing a market, 32-37; Benefits of combination, 32, 38-45, 48-50; Travelling salesmen, 33-36; Advertising costs, 36-38; Securing trade, 39; Freight expenses, 40-41; Dis- tilleries, 41-42; Refineries, 42-43; Com- bination advantageous, 43-45; Skilful
Manufactures-Continued
executives, 45-48; Comparative account- ing, 48; By-products, 49; Raw material, 49-50; Monopoly prices, 63-70; Margin, 124; Prices of steel, 164-65, 170; Growth and capital, 242
See also Industries Margins,
And increase in price, 124; Sugar profits, 128, 129, 130; Increase in, 131, 133-35; American and German, 134; Change in English, 135; Petroleum, 149-55; Tin plate, 158-59; Iron and steel, 161, 162, 167, 173
Michigan Salt Association,
Early study of, 3; Prevents freight waste, 40 Minnesota Iron Company, 115 Monopoly,
Capitalistic, 5, 10; 61,78; Production under, 31-32, 45; Competitive waste, 42-45; Pro- tective tariffs, 51-54; Banking syndicate, 55; "Natural," 61-62; Legal, 62, 63; Con- tradictory terms, 63; Temporary, exam- ple of, 64, 65; Large business versus capitalistic, 70-72; Prices, 72-74; Fosters ambition 75-76; Power of capital, 76-78; Advantages of, 78; Capitalization, 95- 102; Bryan on, 96; Addyston Pipe Co., 105; Intention to secure, 111; Combina- tions, and prices, 122, 178-80; American Steel and Wire Co., 167; Anti-trust legislation in U. S., 241-48; And State Constitutions, 241; Party platforms oppose, 243-44
"Monopoly and Competition," study by H. Levy, 490 See also Combinations
National Steel Company, 117 New Jersey,
Advocates Trusts, 246, 248-53; Corporation acts, 249-51; Franchise and corporation taxes, 250, 252-53; Effect of policies, 251-52; Statutes, 396-403; "Seven Sis- ters" law, 396; Anti-trust laws, 404-07 New York Business Companies' Act, Proposed,
Review of, 9-11; Powers and purposes, 313-14; Office and agents, 314; Certificate of incorporation, 315; Amendment of certificate, 316; Act optional, 317: Directors, 317-18; Elections, 318-19; Officers, 319-20; Meetings, 320-21; Stock and certificates, 321-23; Delinquent officials, 323-24; Buy and sell stock, 324- 25; Promotion, 325-28; Balance Sheet. 328-30, 431; Auditors, 330-31; Annual report, 331-32; Merger and dissolution, 332-33; Monopoly, 333
New Zealand Act, 465-469 Northern Securities Company, Review of case, 113, 292-96
Arbitrary prices affect, 152-57; Discovery of wells, 153-55 Organization,
Studies, 3-4; Promoters, 79, 82, 87-89, 91; Technical terms, 79-80; Certificates of stock, 80-87; Partnerships and corpora- tions, 82; Stocks replace bond issues, 84- 86; "Water," 84, 86, 94; Plan of Ameri- can Tin Plate Co., 87-89, 111; Financiers 89, 91, 92; Evil methods, 93-94; Inform-
Course of, and the Whiskey Trust, 6; Steel Corporation case, 6; Fixing com- petitive, 24-29, 31; Competitive waste, 31-50; Competition versus monopoly, 31-32; Salesmen's salaries, 33-36; Ad- vertising, 36-38; American Tobacco Co., 38; Advantages of big business, 39; Cross freights, 40-41; Distillery expenses, 41-42; Refineries, 42-43; High-salaried executives, 46; Fixing monopoly, 63-74; Addyston Pipe Company agreements, 105; Coal dealers', 106; Study of indus- trial, 122-80; Economic survey, 122-25, 177-80; Charts illustrate, 123, 125-78; Sugar, 125-40; Refinery competition, 129-34, 140; Importations affect, 133, 136; War's influence on sugar, 135-37; Index numbers, and course of, 137-38, 176-79; Sugar combinations, 139-40; Whiskey, 141-49; Purchasing power of spirits, 148-49; Petroleum, 149-57; Oil refineries, 151-53; Purchasing power of petroleum, 156-57; Tin plate, 157-60; Iron and steel, 160-77; Nails and wire, 161-68; Steadiness of steel rail, 168-69, 171, 173; Influence of combinations on, 173-80; Food products, 179
Production, See Large Scale Production
Plan to regulate competition, 195-96; Brass bedstead combination, 223-25 Sovereignties,
National evolution of, 12, 14
Standard Distilling and Distributing Company,
Organization costs, 87, 90; Breaks with distillers, 145; Dissolved, 146 Standard Oil Company,
Early study of, 3; Advantages secured by, 40-41, 43; Experts prevent waste, 49; Railway discrimination, 58-59; Legal monopoly, 62; Favors from railroads, 74; Foreign markets, 77; Standard Oil Trust, 107, 108-09; Competitors, 110-11; Organization, 150; Arbitrary action, 152-53; Dissolved, 154; Federal Court decisions, 297-300; Outline history of,
Standard Oil Company-Continued
334-43; Affiliated corporations, 335-37, 339-40; Prices and profits, 341-43; Tar- bell on, 491
Standard Oil Trust,
Organization, 107, 151; Trustees' certifi- cates, 108; Dissolution, 109, 154 State Anti-Trust Legislation
Federal statute, 245; Attitude of states, 245-49; New Jersey, 246-47, 249
State Constitutions,
Anti-trust legislation, 241-48; Thorpe, F. N., 241; Statute of Texas, 247, 385-95; New Jersey corporation acts, 249-52, 396-407
Statute of Texas, 247, 385-95 Stock,
Definitions, 79; Certificate of, 80; Issued for property, 80-83; Watered, 84, 86, 94, 95, 112; Preferred, 84-86; Promoter's profit, 87, 89; Overcapitalization, evils of, 101-02; Holding corporations, 112-13; Directors manipulate, 118-20 Stock Watering, 84, 86, 94, 99 Strikes,
Unreasonable, 184, 187; Steel strike, 187; Trusts and employees, 191; Plan to avoid, 195-96
"Strike" Bills, 198-99
Early history of Trusts, 3-10; Purpose of book, 5-11; Prices, 122-25 Sugar,
Refined and raw, 125-26; Charts, 125, 137; Beet, 126, 127, 133; Refining costs, 126- 30; American Sugar Refining Co., 127- 34, 199, 343-47; Margins, 128, 129-40; Competition, 129-40; Sugar Trust formed, 130; Duty on, 130, 131; Prices, 132-35, 137-40; German syndicate, 132; German market, 136; France and Italy, 136; Foreign supply of, 136; Exports, 136; Refining capacity of U. S., 137; Index numbers, 137-38
And competition, 28; Waste eliminated by, 42-43; The tariff, 51-53; Favors from rail- roads, 73-74; Decision against, 107-08; Organizations, 108; Combinations, 114; Margin, 130
Sundry Civil Act, 455-56
Trans-Missouri Freight Association, Review of case, 286-89
"Treatise on the Law of Corporations, A," by Wm. W. Cook, 490 Trusteeship,
Evils of speculation, 93-94; Standard Oil Trust, 107, 108; Sugar Trust, 107 Trust Problem,
Methods for solution of, 305-06 "Trust Problem, The," a symposium, 490 Trusts,
Early studies and decisions, 3-10; Capitalis- tic monopoly, 5, 10; Definition, 10; Product of industrial evolution, 15-22; Economics of, 20-22; Importance, 22; Sugar, 28, 42; Competitive wastes, 31-50; Influence of, and Industrial Commission, 35-36; Bad debts, and losses, 38; Amer- ican Tobacco Co. dissolution, 38; Freight economies, 40-41; Distilleries, 41-42, 104; Capitalistic monopoly, 61-78; Promoters, 79-94; Organization and management, 104-21; Pools, 104-05; Sugar Trust plan of organization, 107-08; Standard Oil, 108-09, 110, 111; Voting, 109-10; Dis- solution of old, 111; Holding companies, 109, 111-12; Northern Securities Co., case 113-14; Two kinds, 114-15; Federal Steel Co., 115-17; Integrating idea, 117; Directors' power, 118-19; Effect on prices, 122-25; Margins, and sugar prices, 134, 139; Whiskey Trust, and prices, 142; Standard Oil, and decrease in margin, 151; Steel prices, 166-76; And workingmen, 181-97; Political and social effects of, 198-216; State legislation against, 241-48; New Jersey favors, 246, 248-53; History of, 334-83, 491
"Trusts and Monopolies Domestic and Foreign, Laws on," compiled by Nathan B. Williams, 491
"Trust Finance," by E. S. Mead, 490 "Trust Laws and Unfair Competition," reviewed, 492
"Trust Movement in British Industry, The," by H. W. Macrosty, 490
Underwriting, Sales agreement, 90 United Shoe Machinery Company, Fed- eral Court case, 301
United States Industrial Commission, Investigation and studies, 4, 7, 8; Wastes of competition, 35, 36; Reports of, 492 United States Steel Corporation, Studies and court testimony, 4, 7; Markets, and freight rates, 41, 44, 49; Helps com- petitors, 72; Foreign expansion, Integrating company, 117; Organization, 166; Policy, 166-69; Prices, 166-75; Monopoly, 167, 178, 180; Purchasing power steel, 174; Index numbers, 175- 77, 179; Conclusions on, 177-80; History outlined, 363-71; Companies and stock acquired, 364-65; Assets and liabilities, 366, 367
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