Island, how to determine whether it has ever been connected with any continent. 491. Islands of the Malay Archipelago, extent and variety of, 13; divisible into two portions, 14; definition and boundaries of. 14; size of several of the largest islands, 15.
Jackass, laughing, of Australia, 166. Jahi, a Borneo village, 75 (see Empugnan). Japan, sketches of the plants of, 301. Java, island of, 15, 16; forty-five volcanoes in, 18; a forest country, 19; birds and in- sects peculiar to, 23, 24; residence in, 105; excellency of the Dutch system of govern- ment, 105, 106; the culture system, 106, 107; the native chiefs and the people, 107; increase of population, 108, 109: Java prob- ably the finest tropical island in the world, 109; its history and civilization, 109; its ancient Brahminical religion, and conver- sion to Mohammedanism, 109 (see Soura- baya); journey in the interior of, 110; ruins in, 111, 115; a Javanese trial and chief, 119; collections at Wonosalem and Djapannan, 119 (see Vegetation, and Glacial Period). Javanese, the, 32.
Javanese vocabulary, 605.
Jesuits, French, among the Chinese, 34; thoroughness of their work, 34; their great success, 34; economy and self-denial, 34; a missionary friend of the author, 35. Jobie, large island of, 379, 508.
Johnson, Mr., his account of a mias, 74. "Jong," legend of, in Aru, 464.
Jumaat, death of, 510.
Jungle, thorny, 168.
Kema vocabulary, 605. Kilwaru, little town of, 367; a place of great traffic, 368; island of, 380, 381; metropolis of the Bugis traders. 380.
King Bird of Paradise, 447; its beautiful plumage, 448; reflections on the, 448; its habits, 449.
Kingfishers, 40, 166, 270; a rare specimen, 304; of the Moluccas, 401, 402; of New Guinea, 578.
Kissa-laut, long delay at, 166. Klings, of India, in Singapore, 32. Kobror, map of, 446; visited by the natives of, 468.
Kora-kora, a boat by which the return to Ternate is effected, 352; passengers and accommodations in the, 353; a snake on board, 354.
Kwammer, island of, 367.
Lahagi, a native of Ternate, 325. Lahi, a native of Gilolo, 325. Laiemu, village of, 365.
Language, curious jumble of, in Malacca, 38. Languages of the races of man in the Malay Archipelago, 601; vocabularies of, 603; list of vocabularies collected, 605. Langundi, village of, 346; ten days' residence at, 348.
Lansats, fruit, in Sarawak, 94.
Lariki, Asilulu, and Wakasiho vocabularies, 606.
Latché, a pilot, 325.
Law or no law? 443.
Leaf-like butterfly, in flight and repose, 141. Leeches, forest, in Malacca, 41.
Jungle-cocks, the origin of all our domestic Legendary lore, 471, 472.
breeds of poultry, 167.
Jungle-fowl in Java, 119.
Kaióa Islands, 328; inhabitants of, 331; a mixed race, 331; fruits and other products of, 331; village of, 547. Kaión Islands vocabulary, 606. Kakas, village of, 265.
Kallinia paralekta, butterfly, 140. Kanary-tree, 348.
Kasserota, village of. visit to, determined on, 345; difficulties of the journey to, 345 e sq.
Kayan river, in Borneo, 82. Ko Islands, 18, 20, 418, 419; landing at, 420; natives of the, 420; habitations of the, 422; explorations in the, 423; immense pigeons of the, 423; trade and products of the, 424; boat-building of the, 424-426; magnificent forests of, 425; money unknown to, 426; mode of bargaining, 426; collections at the, 499; inhabited by two kinds of people, 430; contrast of character between these people and the Malays, 430; language of the people, 480; mountainous character of the, 431; map of, 446.
Ké Islands vocabulary, 475.
Lempias, village of, in Cel bes, 270 (see Li- coupang).
Lemur, flying, in Sumatra, 145; nature of,
Licoupang, village of, in Celebes, 270 (see Ma- leos).
Liliaceæ, in the forests of Ké, 428.
Linschott, his description of Malacca, 270 years ago, 37, 38; his account of the Durion fruit, 85.
Lizards, immense variety in the Aru Islands, 437.
Lobo Raman, village of, 135. Lomaptera, species of, 330. Lomaptera papua, 429.
Lombock, island of, 16, 402; no forest in, 20; resemblance to Australia, 25 (see Bali and Birds), 162; collecting at, under difficulties, 169; manners and customs of the people, 173; excursion into the interior, 173; i ri- gation, etc., 173-175; punishment of theft and adultery, 182, 183; jealousy, 183 (see Trade).
Longicorns, numerous species discovered, 48, 330, 337; specimens of, 406. Lories, scarcity of, in Ceram, 364. Lorius garrulus, 336. Lorok, village of, 134.
Ké Islanders, a wonderful race of boat-build- Luzon, island of, 16.
Lycocorax of the Moluccas, 401. Lycocorax morotensis, 324.
Lyell, Sir Charles, his explanation of the
means of dispersal of natural productions, [ 22.
Macassar, in the island of Celebes, 219; the first Dutch town visited by the author, 219; description of the town, 219; an attempt to collect at, 221; removes to Goa (which see), 236 (see Maros); the rainy season at, 408; trade of, with the Aru Islands, 409; de- parture from, 409, 413; diary of the voy- age, 413 et seq.; re-arrival at, after the re- turn from Aru, 486.
Macassar cargoes, value of, 4S5. Macassar vocabulary, 605.
Mace, procured from New Guinea, 315. Madagascar, island of, and Africa, marked difference between the productions of, 22,
Madeira beetles, 351. Magindano pirates, 347. Makariki, visit to, 360.
Makian, island of, 16, 327; volcanic erup- tions in, 17; volcano of, 327; visit to, 354; coast of, 549.
Timor group, 216; of Celebes, 282; of the Moluccas, 396; of New Guinea, 577. Mangosteen fruit (see Durion), in Sarawak, 94, 148.
Manowolko, the largest of the Goram group, 368; map of, 369; descrip:ion of, 370; peo- ple and races of, 370; return to, 375. Mansinam, island of, 497, 499. Manuel, a Portuguese bird-skinner, engaged by the author, 165; his philosophy, 170–172. Mareh, island of, 326, 327. Maros river, 236; falls of the river, 241; preci- pices, 244; absence of flowers, 245; drought followed by a deluge of rain, 247; effects of, 247 (see Menado).
Marsupials in the Malay Archipelago, 21; of Celebes, 284; of the Papuan Islands, 577. Massaratty vocabulary, 606. Matabello Islands, 370, 371; dangers of the voyage to, 371; trade of, 372; cocoa-nut trees of, 372; villages of, 373; savage life of, 673; palm-wine one of the few luxuries of, 373; wild fruits of, 374; strange ideas of the people respecting the Russian war, 374; their extravagant notions of the Turks, 374, 375.
Matabello vocabulary, 606. Mataram, capital of Lombock, 173. Mats and boxes of the Aru Islands, 469. Mausoleum, ancient, in Java, 114.
Malacca, and Mount Ophir, 37; description of the town, etc., 37; description of, by Lin- schott, 270 years ago, 37, 38; present posi- tion of the trade of, 38; population, curious character of, and of the language, 38, 39; the works and birds of, 39, 40; elephants" in, 45.
Malang, ruins of, in Java, 116. Malay anchor, 546.
Malay Archipelago, 312 et seq.; the author's views as to the races of man in the, 584 et 89. two strongly contrasted races, the Milays and the Papuans, 584 (see Malay and Papuans); an indigenous race in the island of Ceram, 590; tribes of the island of Timor, 590; the black woolly-haired races of the Philippines and the Malay Peninsula, 591; general views as to their origin and affinities, 592, 593; the Polynesian races, 593, 594; on the crania and the races of man in the, 600.
Malay Peninsula, non-volcanic, 19. Malay race of Ternate, 317, 318. Malay vocabulary, 605.
Malays, a peculiarly interesting race, found only in the Malay Archipelago, 13; villages, etc., destroyed by volcanoes, 17-19; in Sin- gapore, 32; a Malay Governor and house, 75 (see Gudong); Malay villages, 135; of Batchian, 337; different from the Papuans, 421; contrast between the, 421; contrast of character with the, 430; psychology of the, 435, 439; widely separated from the Papuans, 439; of the Malay Archipelago, 534; the most important of the races, 584; their physical and mental characteristics, 584; different tribes, 584, 585; the avage Malays, 585; p rsonal characteristics, 585; impassive character of, 586; different ac- counts of them, 557; on the crania and lan- guages of the, 600,
Malcos, singular birds, in Celebes, 370; de- scription of the birds, 272; and eggs, 273; their breeding-place, 272.
Mammalia, or warm-blooded quadrupeds of the Indo-Malay Islands, 155, 155; of the
Max Havelaar," story of the Dutch auctions, etc., in the colonies, 107. Maykor, map of, 445; river of, 487, 488. Megachile pluto, 352.
Megamendong mountain, road over, 123; a residence on, 123; collections on, and in the neighborhood of, 123, 124.
Megapodidæ, the, a small family of birds, pe- culiar to Australia, and to surrounding isl- ands, 165.
Megapodii of the Moluccas, 402. Megapodius, the Mound-maker bird, 331. Megapodius wallacei, a new species of birds,
Melaleuca cajuputi, 388.
Menado, in Celebes, 249, 395; prettiness of, 24); in the district Minahasa, 249; pure race, etc., of, 250; the inhabitants recently savag s, 250, 251; induced to cultivate the coffee-plant, 251; pretty villages of, 252; a native house, 252 (see Rurúkan). Menado vocabulary, 605. Menyerry, a Malay village, 83. Mesman, Mr., a Dutch gentleman in Celebes, 219; his farm and premises, 233, 234; Macassar farming, 234, 235; brother of, 236; plantation and country life, 237; hos- pitality of, 238, 239.
Mesmon Islands, 517; sketch map of the, 541. Mias, native name for the orang-utan, and so
called in this work, 51; the author's first introduction to, 51; the first shot by him, 51; strength of a wounded mias, 52; a mias pelting its enemies from the tree tops, 52; the first capture of a full-grown mias, a female (now in the Derby Museum), with plate, 53; capture of an infant mias, 53; its infantine attraction to a beard, 51; its nursing cradle, washing, and playthings, 54; a substitute for a mother, 54, 55; spoon- meat, 55; a hare-lip monkey for a compan-
ion, 55, 56; baby-like appearance of the mias, 56; cutting its teeth, 57; death, 57; a mias hunt, 57-59; capture of a very large animal, 59; size and proportions of, 60; skeleton in Derby Museum, 60; a mías at- tacked by natives, 60; other captures, 61; wounded mias making a nest in the trees, 62; its death and dried remains, 62, 63; mode of walking over the tree tops, 63; cap- ture of, at Semábang, the specimen now in the British Museum, 64, 65; the mias throw- ing down branches, 67; preparing the skins and skeletons, 67; the author's last cap- ture, 68; the orang district, Borneo and Sumatra, 65; habits of, and nature of coun- try inhabited by, 68, 69; singular method of making its way through the forest, 69, 70; his nest for the night, 70; his time of rising in the morning, 70; full-grown ani- mals seldom seen in company, 70; food of, 70, 71; the mias rarely seen on the ground, 71; the only two animals it is attacked by, the python and the crocodile, 71; his su- periority to both, 71; size of the large mias, 72; various accounts of, 73, 74; in Suma- tra, 144.
Microglossum aterrimum, 452.
Morty, island of, 16, 324, 401. Mosquitoes, 470.
Moths, in Borneo, 95; plentifulness of, on the mountains of Sarawak, 95; mode of seek- ing them, 95; list of captures in different kinds of weather, 96; observations on modes of capture, 96, 97. Motir, island of, 327. Mountain plants, 346.
"Muck, running a," curious custom in Lom- bock, 183, 184.
Muka, village of, 526; description of, 528; hut erected at, 525; aurora borealis seen at, 530; the people live in abject poverty, 533; under the rule of the Sultan of Tidore, 533; destitute of the necessaris or comforts of life, 533; the author half-starved while there, 533; departure from, 534. Muntok, the chief town of Banca, 132, Museum, British, specimen of mias in, 65. Museum, Derby, specimen of mias in, 53, 60,
Mysol, map of, 517. Mysol vocabulary, 607.
Microscope, astonishment of the natives on Natural history of the Moluccas, 396 et seq. viewing objects through the, 350.
Mimeta bouruensis, 404; Mimeta forsteni, 405.
Mimicry among birds, 403.
Minahasa, map of (see Menado), 254; natives of, 269.
Mindanao, natives of, 397.
Missionaries, 498; traders at Mansinam, 498. Modjo-kerto, a town in Java, 111; the village- green, and tree, 111.
Modjo-pahit, ruins of the ancient city of, in Java, 111; admirable brick-work in, 111;| ancient bas-relief, 112; presented to the au- thor, 111.
Mohammedan priest at Dobbo, 483.
M hammedans in Singapore, 32; of Ceram, 358; of the Ké Islands, 430. Mohnike, Dr., in Amboyna, 298; his collec- tion of beetles, etc., 300. Molucca Sea, its aspects, 486. Moluccan hornbill, 362. Moluccas, the, 18; a forest country, 19, 312 et seq.; final departure from, 335; natural history of the, 396 et seq.; consist of three large islands, 396; their extent and geo- graphical position, 396; mammalia, or warm-blooded quadrupeds of the, 396 et seq.; fauna of the, 400, 401; especially rich in the parrot tribe, 401; most curious groups of birds, 402 et seq.; the cassowary, 403; cases of "mimicry," 403; insects of the, 405 et seq.; luxuriance and beauty of ani- mal life in the forests, 407. Monarcha chrysomela, 440. Monarcha loricata, 395. Monarcha telescopthalma, 440. Monkeys, 26; a hare-lipped monkey, in com-
pany with a young orang-utan, 55; abun- dance and variety of, on the banks of the Simunjon river, in Sumatra, 143, 144. Monsoon, south-east, in the Malay Archipel- ago, 30; in the Banda Sea, 366, Morella and Mamalla vocabularies, 606.
Naturalist, pleasures of the, 240, 241. Nectarinea auriceps, 337. Nectarinea proserpina, 395.
Negritos, a distinct race from the Malay, 593. New Guinea or Papua, dangers of trading with, 378; murders committed there, 579; Moluccan fauna derived from, 400; voy- age to, 496 et seq.; trading missionaries of, 48; harbor and village of Dorey, 499, 500; the people of, 499, 500; coast and inland Papuans, 502; curious insects of, 505; deer- flies of, 506; Arfak and Jobie, 508; scarc- ity of Paradise birds, 50; Humboldt Bay, 511; plague of flies, 514; map of the west point of, 517; birds of, 5:1; with the islands joined to it constitute the Papuan group, 576; perhaps the largest island on the globe, 576; mammalia of, 577; birds of, 577; insects of, 579; the largest islands to the east of, very little known, 581; fauna of, 581; exhibits a common origin with Australia, 581; plants of, 582 (see Papuan Islands).
Neys, Mr., a native of Menado, 249. Nicobar pigeon, its beauty, 350, Nutmeg-trees, in Banda, 295; beauty of, 295; the nutmeg trade, 295, 296; the spice mo- nopoly, 296.
Nutmegs, procured from New Guinea, 315.
Oceanic races, natural division of the, 592. Oeassa, soap-springs of, 195; the inhabitants of, 195.
Ondor, the chief village of Goram, 375, Ophir, resolution to visit, 41; the voyage and journey to, 41; the "Padang-batu," or stone-field, 42; plants on, 43; the sum- mit, 44; trees, foliage, and coffee for break- fast on, 44; the great Argus pheasant of, 44.
Orang-kaya, the rich man, or chief of a Dyak tribe,77; illness of the, 454.
Ornithoptera poseidon, its great beauty, 434. Philippine Islands, 16; active and extinct Ossang, village of, 366.
volcanoes in, 18, 19; black woolly races of the, 591.
Otto and Gesler, Messrs., trading missiona- Phosphoric light, rushing streams of, 414. ries, 498.
Pacific, different races of the, 593, 594; geo- graphical dividing line, 594. Palembang, city of, 132, 133; boys, etc., of, 133; road from to Bencoolen, 134. Palm sugar, 237; a beautiful palm, 276. Pandanacea, on the Batchian coast, 347. Pangerango and Gedeh mountains, trip to the summit of, 125.
Panghu, 267; birds and insects in, 268. Papandayang, volcano, eruption of, 17. Papers lost, 45.
Papilio coon, butterfly, 123, 139.
Papilio gambrisius, 363.
Papilio ulysses, 336.
Papilio wallacei, 343.
Papilios, fine specimens of, 360.
Papua Kowiyee, bloodthirsty tribes of, 379. Papuan belles, personal ornaments of the, 467, 469.
Papuan Islands, natural history of the, 576 et seq.; mammalia of the, 577; birds of the, 579 et seq.; geology of the, 579; insects of, 579; large islands to the east of New Guin- ea, 581; the fauna of, related to that of Aus- tralia, 581; insects of, 582; plants of, 582. Papuan race in Ceram, 370.
Papuans, the, 323; first view of, in their own country, 420; wildness of the, 420; differ- ent from the Malays, 421; contrast of char- acter with the Malays, 430; reserved and taciturn, 438; of the Malay Archipelago, 584; personal characteristics of the, 587; their stature, 588; their moral and intel. lectual characteristics, 588, 589; island of New Guinea, Ké and Aru Islands, Mysol, Salwatty, and Waigiou inhabited almost exclusively by, 591; closely allied to the negroes of Africa, 594; on the crania and languages of the, 601. Paradigalla carunculata, 571.
Paradise birds, manner of shooting, 446; scarcity of, in New Guinea, 446. Paradise pie of New Guinea, 571. Paradisea, obtained in full plumage, 466. Paradisea regia, 448.
Paradisea rubra at Waigiou, 529, 530; twen- ty-four fine specimens brought away, 539. Paradiseida (see Birds of Paradise'. Parroquet, long-tailed, 134.
Parrots. 196; in Celebes, 279; of New Guin- ea, 577.
Physical geography (see Archipelago). Pieris, genus, 362.
Pigs, their power of swimming, 398. Pigeons, fruit, 131; various, 166; several spe-
cies of, 196; of immense size, 423; of New Guinea, 578.
Pin, a strange novelty to the natives, 393. Pirates, on the Batchian coast, 447; Sir J. Brooke's suppression of, on the coast of Borneo, 347; on the coast of Aru, 440; at- tack the praus and murder the crews, 441,
Pitcher-plant, on Mount Ophir, 43; water in, 43; the plant in Borneo, 91, 148. Pitta genus, 394.
Pitta gigas, a beautiful bird of Gilolo, 321. Plants, on Mount Ophir (Ferns and Pitcher- plants, see both), 43; rhododendrons, 43; zinziberaceous plants, 44 (see Durion and Bamboo); on Pangerango mountain, 126– 129; geographical distribution of, 491,42 et sq.; distribution of, in New Guinea, 582. Plow, a native, 232; plowing, 232, 233. Plumage of Birds of Paradise, changes of, 558 et seq.
Polynesia, an area of subsidence, 595. Polynesian races, 593. 595; on the crania and languages of the, 601.
Pomali, or "taboo," : 03. Poppa, map of, 517; difficulties near the isl- land of, 520 et seq.
Portuguese, in Singapore, from Malacca, 32; in Malacea, 37, 38; bad government of, in Timor, 205; expelled from Ternate by the Dutch, 315; truly wonderful conquerors and colonizers, 430.
Pottery, carved tool for making, 51. Prau, native, of Macassar, 410; the crew, 411, 415; captain and owner of the, 416; dan- gerous defects of the, 416; comforts of the,
Archipelago, the Malays and Papuans, 30, 584 et & q. (see Malays and Papuans); opin- ions of Humboldt and Pritchard, 30; in- digenous race in the island of Ceram, 590; the Timorese, 590; the black woolly-haired races of the Philippines, and the Malay pen- insula, 591; general view as to their origin and affinities, 592 et seq.; the black Poly- nesian races, 593 et seq.; general reflections on, 596 et seq.; on the crania and the lan- guages of the, 601 et seq.
Raffles, Sir Stamford, his account of the ruins of Java, 115.
Ratahan, vocabulary, 605. Regent bird of Australia, 571, Rhinoc ros, in Malacca, 45.
Rifle birds of Australia, 569, 570. Robberies at Batchian, 338.
Rosenberg, Herr, 386; a German naturalist, 508.
Ross, Mr., an Englishman resident at Lom- bock, 175.
Rotti vocabulary, 607. Rowan mountains, 83.
Ruatan, a river of Ceram, 360; difficulty of crossing, 361.
Rurúkan, village of, the highest in Minahasa, 253; coffee plantations, 255; hill vegeta- tion, 255-257 (see Tondano); missionaries in, 260.
Rusa hippelaphus of Java, 397.
Sago district of East Ceram, 382.
Sago bread, mode of preparing the, 383; oven for baking, 384.
Sago palm of Ceram, 382; washing of, 383; conversion into food with little labor, 35. Sago-trees, 365; of the Ke Islands, 424. Sahoe, village of, 3.2; the inhabitants dis- tinct from the Malay races, 323.
Sahoe vocabulary, 606.
Slayer Straits, 413.
Salayer vocabulary, 605.
Salibabo Islands, vocabulary of the, 605. Salwatty, map of, 517; island of, 568.
Samábang, a trip to, 63; description of, 64; a Dyak house, 64.
Sandal wood, in Timor, 20, 207.
Sanguir Island, 16.
Sanguir Islands vocabulary, 605. Saparua vocabulary, 606.
Sapi-utan, the, 270, 271; description of, 282. Sarawak, 46; the author entertained at, by Sir James Brooke, 46; gold-fields and coal- works, 46; the Sadong river and its tribu- taries, 46; head of the river of, 83; arrival at, fom the interior, 84; government of, by Sir James Brooke, 102-104. Sardinia and Corsica, natural productions peculiar to, 2.
Sassak vocabulary, 605.
Sassaks, the aborigines of Lombock, 182. Savu vocabulary, 607. Scorpions, 470.
Screw pines on the Batchian coast, 347. Sea, contrasts in depth of, 21, 26 Sea Gipsies, vocabulary of the, 607. Seboran mountain, lower slopes of the, 82. Semioptera of the Moluccas, 401. Senankan, Malay village, 81.
Senna, Malay village, character of the people, etc., 81, 83, 84.
Serpents, of immense size, 392. Servants, the author deserted by his, 381. Serwatty Islands, 16.
Sharks caught and cooked, 414. Shells and fish, an unrivalled collection of, 307, 308.
Sickness of the author and his men, 507, 510, 511.
Silinta, in Mysol, 517, 518. Simia satyrus, 51.
Simunjon river, 46; coal-works, 47; a`van- tages of, good locality for insect collecting, 48; a trip up the river, 63; narrowness of the stream, 63; monkeys on the banks, 63; arrival at Samábang, 64.
Singapore, sketch of the town and island, 3?; inhabitants a mixed race, 32; commerce of, 33; Chinese in, 33; Jesuit missionaries, 34; character of the island, etc., 35; tigers and tiger-pits, 35; vegetation and insects, 36.
Sodos, Malay village, 83. Solomon Islands, 16. Solor vocabulary, 607.
Sorong, in New Guinea, Mr. Allen's voyage to, 572; difficulties encountered at, 573; ruggedness of the country, 574.
Sourabaya, the chief town of East Java, 110. Spaniards, truly wonderful conquerors and colonizers, 430.
Species, geographical distribution of, 491, 492. Spice, monopoly of the Dutch (see Nutmeg). Spice trade of the Moluccas, 315; enormous profits of the, 315.
Spice-trees, district of the, 315.
Spiders, 470; immense variety of, in the Aru Islands, 437.
Springs, hot, of Celebes, 266.
Squirrels, 26; in Borneo, 50; tame ones in the village of Palembang, 163.
St. John's, Mr., account of a mias, 73. Sugar-palm (with plate), 238; drink made from, 239.
Sula Islands, 394; vocabulary of the, 605. Sumatra, in the line of the volcanic belt, 16; volcanoes in, 18; a forest country, 19; the orang confined to, and to Borneo, 68; pleas- ants in, 117; villages of, 135, 136. Sumbawa, island of, 16; no forest in, 20.
Tabókan, a Malay village, 76; assembling of men and boys to look at the author, 76; dress, etc., of, 76; portrait of a Dyak youth, 77; a visit from the "Orang-kaya," or rich man of the tribe, 77; sports of, 77, 78 (see I orótoi).
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