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or pickel'd. There are two sorts of Kuragge, which is Kuragge. also of the Sea-qualm kind. One is call'd Midsukurage, that is, the white qualm. (Fig. 54.) This is common in all Seas, whitish, transparent, watry, and not fit to eat.

Tiogame.or Doogame. Hi

FIG. 60. Jogame, the Water tortoise.

The other is scarcer, fleshy, and eatable after it hath been prepar'd and depriv'd of its sharpness. It is prepar'd after the following manner. They first macerate them in a dissolution of Alum for three days together, then they

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rub, wash and clean it, till it grows transparent, which done, it is pickel'd and preserv'd for use. Before the Infusion, the skin is taken off, wash'd, pickel'd and kept by itself. Some of these Sea-qualms are so large, that

two men can scarce lift them up. Pickel'd, as they are brought upon the table, they are of the same substance, colour and taste with the edible Bird's-nests (Nidi Alcyonum) brought from China, and I have been credibly

inform'd by Chinese Fishermen, that these Bird's Nests are made of the very flesh of this Animal.

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Namako, by the Dutch at Batavia call'd Kafferkull, is Namako. edible. (Fig. 55.) Imori is a small venomous Water- Imori.

lizard, black, with a red belly. (Fig. 56.) Takanoma- Takanomakura, which is as much as to say, the pillow of the kura. Sea-qualm Tako, is the common Sea-star, and is not eat.

Of all the footed animal produce of the water, the Ki,

1690. Tortoises.

or Came, Tortoises, are most esteem'd by the Japanese, being look'd upon as peculiar Emblems of happiness, by reason of the long life which is ascrib'd to them. That Emblematical kind particularly, which hath a broad tail much like a

Tortoise.

large round beard, and which in their learned language is call'd Mooke, and by the common people Minogame, for all it doth not exist in nature, is yet frequently to be seen among other emblematical figures, wherewith they adorn the walls of their temples, the sides of their altars, and the apartments of the Emperor and Princes of the Empire. (Figs. 57, 58.) The most common Tortoises are, Isicame, or Sanki, that is, the Stone, or Mountain Tortoise, which is so call'd because found in these places, and is nothing else Land Tortoise. but the common Land-tortoise. (Fig. 59.) Jo Game, or Sea Tortoise. Doo Game, that is, Fishy. or Water-tortoise, (Fig. 60.) because of its living in the water. They say, that upon the Southern and Eastern Coasts of Japan there are found Tortoises large enough to cover a Man from head to

Crabs and
Shrimps.
Jebisako.

Sako.
Si Jebi.

Dakma Jebi.

Kuruma Jebi.

Umi Jebi.

Siakwa.

toe.

All sorts of Crabs and Shrimps both of fresh and salt water, are call'd in general Jebi. The following particular Kinds are come to my knowledge. Jebisako is the common small Crab, which is found in great plenty upon the Coasts of the Baltick. Sako signifies all sorts of small fish in general. Si Jebi differ but little from the common Crabs, no more than what they call Dakma Jebi, excepting only, that the latter are caught in fresh water, and will within a year turn black. Kuruma Jebi, is as much as to say Wheel-crabs; they are so call'd from the figure of their tail. Umi Jebi, that is great Crabs or Lobsters, are commonly a foot long. They are boil'd, then cut into small pieces, and brought upon the table, as a Soccana or Side-dish. Care must be taken not to eat their black tail, because it hath been observ'd, that it gives people the belly-ach, or throws them into a Cholera morbus. Siakwa, is a Crab with a broad Tail, which is caught frequently with other small fish. It hath but little flesh, and almost none at the time of the full moon. All the testaceous

and crustaceous animals, which are found in these Seas, and indeed every where in the Indian Ocean beyond the Eastern shores of the Ganges, are observ'd to be fleshier and fuller, at the time of the new moon, contrary to what happens in our European Seas. Gamina, (Fig. 61.) otherwise Koona, is a Crab, which lives in a beautiful shell diversified with various colours. (This is what the English call Soldier's Crab, Fresh water Soldier, Hermit Crab, because they live in other People's quarters.) Kani, which signifies Pocket Crab, is our common European fresh-water Crab. It bears the name of the whole Tribe of the fresh-water Crabs. Kabutogani, or Unkiu, is a Crab of a singular structure, with a sharp, long, serrated prickle or sword, standing out from the head, and a roundish, smooth back. (Fig. 62.) Gadsame is no bigger than the common Crab, with the upper shell tapering into a point on both sides. It hath four claws, two large ones before, and two behind, which are smaller. (Fig. 64.) Simagani, that is, a Striated Pocketcrab. It might be call'd Wart-crab, from the great number of warts and prickles, which cover the Shell all over, the hind Claws only excepted, which are smooth and almost cylindrical. (Fig. 65.) They are caught frequently upon the Eastern Coasts, as also in the Gulf of Suruga. Some of this sort are incredibly large. I bought