approved June 5, 1920, to be made in cooperation with the United States Maritime Commission. Its duties also include the compilation, publication, and distribution of useful statistics, data, and information concerning ports and water transportation.

BEACH EROSION BOARD

The Beach Erosion Board is a permanent body created by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930. The policy of the United States and the duties of the Secretary of War and the Board, with respect to Beach Erosion Board matters, was further prescribed by the act of June 26, 1936. This Board is authorized through the Chief of Engineers to cause investigations and studies to be made in cooperation with the proper agencies of the States on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf coasts, and of the Territories, with a view to devising effective means of preventing erosion of the shores of coastal and lake waters by waves and currents. The Board is also charged with the duty of making investigations with a view to determining the most suitable methods of beach protection and restoring of beaches in different localities and to advise the States, counties, municipalities, or individuals of the proper location for recreational facilities and to publish from time to time such useful data and information concerning the protection of beaches as the Board may deem to be of value to the people of the United States. All requests for cooperative investigations are referred to the Board for consideration and recommendation. The act of June 26, 1936, requires the Board to report on (a) the advisability of adopting the project, (b) what Federal interest, if any, is involved in the proposed improvement, and (c) what share of the expense, if any, should be borne by the United States.

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ORDNANCE

The Chief of Ordnance is in command of the Ordnance Department, whose duties are to design, procure, store, supply, and maintain the ordnance and ordnance stores of the United States Army, including artillery, artillery ammunition, small arms, bombs, and all munitions of war which may be required for the fortifications of the Army, the armies of the field, and for the National Guard of the United States of America. The Ordnance Department performs all the technical engineering work necessary to investigate and construct experimental ordnance matériel for the adoption by the Army; prepares the necessary regulations for proof, inspection, storing, and for maintaining this matériel, as well as the detailed information necessary for the manufacture of munitions, for inspection of them, and for maintaining reserves prescribed by higher authority.

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF SIGNAL OFFICER

The Chief Signal Officer has immediate charge, under the direction of the Secretary of War, of the development, procurement, storage, issue, and repair of signal communication and meteorological equipment and supplies; the development, procurement, storage, and issue of all electrical apparatus associated with direction finding for determining the location of radio stations, aircraft, and marine craft and of all the electrical apparatus associated with range finding; the preparation, publication, revision, storage, accounting, and distribution of all codes and ciphers required by the Army, and in time of war the interception of enemy radio and wire traffic, the goniometric location of enemy radio stations, the solution of intercepted enemy code and cipher messages, and laboratory arrangements for the employment and detection of secret inks; the installation, maintenance, and operation of all military signal communication systems and equipment, including military cable, telephone and telegraph lines, radio apparatus and stations, except the routine maintenance and operation of fixed firecontrol communication systems and fixed airways and airdrome control systems and radio aids to air navigation, and the installation, maintenance, and operation of temporary systems used by combat troops in field operations, as provided in existing regulations over which he will exercise general supervision only; the transmission of messages for the Army by telegraph, radio, or otherwise; the direction of the Signal Corps and the control of the officers, enlisted men, and employees attached thereto; the coordination of the training of the personnel assigned to signal duties; the general supervision, coordination, and standardization of all radio operations of the Army, and the enforcement of regulations concerning the same; the assignment of call letters, radio frequencies, power, type of emission, and schedules for all Army radio stations; all photographic and cinematographic work of the Army not specifically assigned to other arms and services and all other duties pertaining to military signal communications.

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF THE AIR CORPS

The Chief of the Air Corps is charged, under the direction of the Secretary of War, with the duty of procuring, by manufacture or purchase, and maintaining all aircraft, aircraft engines, and aircraft equipment for the Army, including airships, balloons, and airplanes, all appliances and facilities necessary to the operation and maintenance of said aircraft; of installing and maintaining all radio apparatus and signaling systems within the Air Corps activities; of establishing, maintaining, and operating all flying fields, aviation stations, repair and supply depots, exempted stations, etc.; training officers, flying cadets, enlisted men of the Air Corps, and candidates for aviation service in matters pertaining to military aviation; and with the technical inspections of aircraft and accessories and the preparation of the budget.

NATIONAL GUARD BUREAU

The National Guard Bureau of the War Department is established by law to facilitate the administration and to promote the development of the National Guard while not in the service of the United States. It is vested with all the administrative duties (coordinating with department and corps area commanders) involving the organization, armament, equipment, discipline, training, and inspection of the National Guard; the conduct of camps of instruction of the National Guard and the administrative duties connected with the preparation of the National Guard for participation in field exercises and maneuvers of the Regular Army; the mobilization of the National Guard in time of peace; and all matters pertaining to the active National Guard not in Federal service, the inactive National Guard, and the unorganized militia of the United States not herein generally enumerated which do not under existing laws, regulations, orders, or practice come within the jurisdiction of the General Staff or any division, bureau, or branch of the War Department, and which shall not operate to divest any bureau, division, or branch of the War Department of duties now properly belonging to it.

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF THE CHEMICAL WARFARE SERVICE

The Chief of the Chemical Warfare Service is charged with the investigation, development, manufacture, or procurement and supply to the Army of all smoke and incendiary materials, all toxic gases, and all gas-defense appliances; the research, design; and experimentation connected with chemical warfare and its material; and chemical projectile-filling plants and proving grounds; the supervision of the training of the Army in chemical warfare, both offensive and defensive, including the necessary schools of instruction; the organization, equipment, training, and operation of special gas troops; and such other duties as the President may from time to time prescribe.

THE ARMY WAR COLLEGE

The Army War College, located at Washington, D. C., is one of the general service schools of the Army. It is the highest unit in the military educational system. Its object is to train selected officers for duty in the War Department General Staff and for high command in accordance with the doctrines and methods approved by the War Department. In addition it supervises the activities of the Historical Section, formerly a branch of the War Department General Staff.

THE ARMY INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE

The Army Industrial College is one of the three general service schools of the Army. It is located in the Munitions Building, Washington, D. C. It operates under supervision of the Assistant Secretary of War, pursuant to section 5a of the National Defense Act. Its mission is the training of officers for the procurement of munitions in the event of war and in the preparation of plans for the mobilization of matériel and industrial organizations essential to wartime needs.

DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

ATTORNEY GENERAL (ROBERT H. JACKSON)

The Attorney General is the head of the Department of Justice (see sec. 346 R. S.) and as such is the chief law officer of the Federal Government. He represents the United States in legal matters generally and gives advice and opinions when requested by the President or by the heads of the executive departments. He appears in the Supreme Court of the United States in cases of exceptional gravity and importance, exercises general superintendence and direction over United States district attorneys and marshals in the various judicial districts of the United States, and provides special counsel for the United States in cases of exceptional importance or when the character of the interests involved requires such action.

The duties of the Assistant to the Attorney General, the Assistant Attorneys General, the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Director of the Bureau of Prisons, and of the heads of the other major divisions and bureaus are performed under the direction of the Attorney General.

(See Sec. 354, R. S., as amended by act of Feb. 27, 1877, 19 Stat. 241; secs. 356, 357, and 358, R. S.; act of June 30, 1906, 34 Stat. 816; secs. 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, and 366, R. S.)

SOLICITOR GENERAL (FRANCIS BIDDLE)

The Solicitor General assists the Attorney General in the execution of his duties and, by special provision of law, exercises all such duties in case of a vacancy in the office of the Attorney General, or his absence or disability.

Under the direction of the Attorney General, the Solicitor General has special charge of the business of and appears for and represents the Government in the Supreme Court of the United States.

When requested by the Attorney General, the Solicitor General may conduct and argue any case in which the United States is interested, in any court of the United States, or may attend to the interests of the Government in any State court or elsewhere, conferring with and directing the law officers of the Government throughout the country in the performance of their duties when occasion requires. (See secs. 347 and 349, R. S.) No appeal is taken by the United States to any appellate court without his authorization.

THE ASSISTANT TO THE ATTORNEY GENERAL (MATTHEW F. M'GUIRE)

The Assistant to the Attorney General handles presidential appointments and legislation in which the Department is interested and, in addition, special legal and administrative matters; is liaison officer between the Attorney General and the Congress and other departments and agencies of the Government; has supervision over all of the major units of organization of the Department and also supervision over United States attorneys and marshals.

This office has charge of authorizations for appointments and the salaries pertaining thereto when not otherwise fixed by law; also promotions and demotions both in the Department and the field, as well as other general administrative matters; of legislation, and civil-service matters, including Federal Employees' Compensation and Retirement Acts, pensions, etc., also briefs and arguments in the Supreme Court on assignment by the Solicitor General; also briefs and special assignments by the Attorney General.

ASSISTANT ATTORNEY GENERAL (THURMAN W. ARNOLD)

This assistant has special charge of all suits and other matters relating to and arising under the Sherman and Clayton Acts and acts with antitrust provisions. In addition he has, under current assignment, charge of matters relating to and arising under the Capper-Volstead Act, Federal Trade Commission Act, Interstate Commerce Act, Packers and Stockyards Act, Commodity Exchange Act, Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act, Produce Agency Act, Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938, Sugar Act, 1937, Connally Act, Federal Communications Act, Railway Labor Act, Securities Act of 1933, Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Motor Carrier Act,

1935, Anti-Racketeering Act (in conjunction with antitrust violations), Emergency Relief Appropriation Acts, Federal Water Power Act, Railroad Retirement Act, National Labor Relations Act, Tobacco Inspection Act, Bituminous Coal Act of 1937, Public Utility Holding Company Act, 1935, Federal Alcohol Administration Act, and Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. He has charge also of briefs and arguments in the Supreme Court on assignment by the Solicitor General, and of special assignments by the Attorney General.

ASSISTANT ATTORNEY GENERAL (SAMUEL O. CLARK, JR.)

This assistant has charge of the prosecution and defense of civil suits relating to taxes (except customs) and of appellate proceedings in connection therewith, including briefs and arguments on appeals from the Board of Tax Appeals; also of the enforcement of tax liens and of mandamus, injunctions, criminal proceedings, and general matters relating to taxes. He also has charge of briefs and arguments in the Supreme Court on assignment by the Solicitor General, and of special assignments by the Attorney General.

ASSISTANT ATTORNEY GENERAL (FRANCIS M. SHEA)

This assistant has charge of all civil suits and claims for and against the Government or its officers not otherwise specially assigned, patents and copyrights, cases arising out of war transactions, civil-bankruptcy matters, civil proceedings under the National Bank Act, admiralty and shipping matters, as well as alien property claims and litigation. He also has charge of briefs and arguments in the Supreme Court on assignment by the Solicitor General, and of special assignments by the Attorney General.

ASSISTANT ATTORNEY GENERAL (NORMAN M. LITTELL)

This assistant has charge of matters relating to public lands and condemnation of lands, titles to lands, forest reserves, reclamation and irrigation projects, and the conservation of natural resources, Indian lands and affairs (including suits in the Court of Claims) except crimes. He also has charge of insular and territorial affairs except those specifically assigned, other than criminal, and of briefs and arguments in the Supreme Court on assignment by the Solicitor General, as well as matters specially assigned to him by the Attorney General.

ASSISTANT ATTORNEY GENERAL (0. JOHN ROGGE)

This assistant has charge of criminal cases generally, including matters relating to criminal practice and procedure, indictments, grand jury proceedings, search warrants, removal proceedings, extradition, etc., and generally directs District Attorneys with respect to the conduct of criminal cases and the enforcement of Federal statutes such as the counterfeiting and forgery; customs; espionage; firearms; food, drugs, and cosmetics; gold hoarding; internal revenue liquor laws; larceny and theft; national banking and bankruptcy; immigration and naturalization; narcotics; neutrality; passport; postal; and racketeering laws; the White Slave Traffic Act; the securities acts; the Alien Enemy Act; crimes on the high seas and government reservations; etc. This assistant also handles all problems and supervises all prosecutions involving infringements of civil rights, including interference with the ballot, peonage, the Hatch Act, and conspiracy to violate the National Labor Relations Act; has charge of legal matters pertaining to prisons and parole; of briefs and arguments in the Supreme Court on assignment by the Solicitor General, and of matters specially assigned to him by the Attorney General.

ASSISTANT ATTORNEY GENERAL (CHARLES D. LAWRENCE, acting)

This assistant has charge of protecting the interests of the Government in matters of reappraisement and classification of imported goods, and all litigation incident thereto. He also has charge of briefs and arguments in the Supreme Court on assignment by the Solicitor General, and of matters specially assigned to him by the Attorney General.

ASSISTANT SOLICITOR GENERAL (CHARLES FAHY)

The Assistant Solicitor General appears for and represents the Government in such cases as may be designated by the Solicitor General and performs such additional duties as may be required of him by the Attorney General. He has charge

for the Attorney General of the preparation, review, and revision of opinions and, as to their form and legality, of Executive orders submitted to him by direction of the President, and also acts for the Attorney General upon offers in compromise of judgments and other claims existing against or in favor of the Government up to a certain limit, in addition to performing such other duties as may be assigned to him by the Attorney General.

ATTORNEY IN CHARGE OF PARDONS (DANIEL M. LYONS)

Under the direction of the Attorney General, the attorney in charge of pardons has charge of all applications for Executive clemency except those of the Army and Navy. He conducts all correspondence, initiates investigations, and makes reports and recommendations to the Attorney General with respect thereto. He has charge of such other matters as may be specially assigned to him by the Attorney General.

DIRECTOR, FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (J. EDGAR HOOVER)

The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation has general charge of the investigation of offenses against the laws of the United States, except counterfeiting, narcotics, and other matters not within the jurisdiction of the Department of Justice; of the acquisition, collection, classification, preservation, and exchange of criminal identification records; and of such investigations regarding official matters under the control of the Department of Justice and the Department of State as may be directed by the Attorney General.

He also has charge of matters specially assigned to him by the Attorney General.

IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE

Under the act of March 3, 1933 (Public, No. 428, 47 Stat. 1517), and the Executive order issued pursuant to the statute, dated June 10, 1933 (6166, sec. 14), the Immigration and Naturalization Service was formed through the consolidation of the former Bureaus of Immigration and Naturalization, effective August 10, 1933. On June 14, 1940, under Reorganization Plan No. V (5 F. R. 2132, June 5, 1940), the Service and its functions were transferred to the Department of Justice, to be administered under the direction and supervision of the Attorney General. All functions and powers of the Secretary of Labor relating to the administration of the Immigration and Naturalization Service and its functions or to the administration of the immigration and naturalization laws were transferred by such plan to the Attorney General.

The functions of the Service are the administration of the laws relating to the admission, exclusion, and deportation of aliens, the registration and fingerprinting of aliens, and the naturalization of aliens lawfully resident in the United States; the investigation of alleged violations of said laws, and when prosecution is deemed advisable, the submission of evidence for that purpose to the appropriate United States district attorneys. The primary function of the Immigration Border Patrol, which operates as a part of the immigration force, is to detect and prevent the smuggling and surreptitious entry of aliens into the United States in violation of the immigration laws, and to apprehend smugglers of aliens and aliens who have effected unlawful entry.

Under the provisions of the Nationality Act of 1940 (Public, No. 853, 76th Cong.), naturalization jurisdiction was conferred upon certain specified United States and State courts. The Service exercises administrative supervision over the clerks of these courts in naturalization matters, requiring an accounting for all naturalization fees collected by them, and cooperates with the public schools in the education of applicants for naturalization for their citizenship duties and responsibilities. Through its field officers, located in various cities in the United States, the Service investigates the qualifications of candidates for citizenship and represents the Government at the hearings of petitions for naturalization.

DIRECTOR, BUREAU OF PRISONS (JAMES V. BENNETT)

The Director of the Bureau of Prisons has general charge of the administration of the Federal Government's penal and correctional activities. He is vested with the control and management of all Federal penal and correctional institutions save those maintained by the Army and Navy, and has the responsibility for providing suitable quarters for the safekeeping, care, protection, instruction, and discipline of all persons charged with or convicted of offenses against the United States. He