one of his marriages. He married-1, Maud, who died childless; and 2, Ismayn, daughter and coheir of Simon Hanaps of Gloucestershire; who died a widow, 8 Sept., 1420, having married, 2nd, Sir John Borowash or Burghersh of Ewelme, co. Oxon, where he was born 1347. He died 21 Sept., 1391. As this second marriage brought much trouble upon the descendants from the first, it will be convenient to add a few words concerning it.

Sir John was son of Sir John Burghersh, who died 30 June, 1349, by Matilda, elder daughter and coheir of Sir William de Kerdestan by Margery, daughter and heir of Sir Edmund Bacon of Essex, who died 1327.

Sir John Burghersh, husband of Ismayn, was the subject of a fraudulent attempt by Sir William Molyns, husband of Margery, a descendant of Sir Edmund Bacon by a second wife. Sir William actually got possession of a part of the Burghersh estate, but justice finally prevailed.

By Sir John Burghersh, Ismayn had Margaret, aged fifteen in 1391, who married John Arundel of Bideford; and Matilda, heiress of Ewelme, aged twelve in 1391, who married Thomas Chaucer, son of the poet, born about 1360, and died 1434. They had Alice Chaucer, born 1404, heiress of Ewelme, who was affianced in early youth to Sir John Phelip, who died when he was twelve years old. She actually married,-1st, Thomas Earl of Salisbury; and 2nd, William de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk, by whom she had John, second duke, who married Elizabeth Plantagenet, and was thus brother-in-law to Edward IV. He inherited Ewelme, and, as will be seen, had tortious possession of the Raleigh Welsh estates.

Sir John de Raleigh, the first husband of Ismayn, had by her-1, John, who succeeded, but died childless; 2, Simon; 3, Joan; and 4, Maud, eventual coheirs. Maud had the Welsh estates, which on her death (42 H. VI.), childless, passed to her sister, Joan.

IX. Sinon de Raleigh of Nettlecombe and Wrenchester, on whose death, childless, the estates seem to have been parted between his two sisters. He married, first, Joan —, who died 14 H. VI.; and, second, another Joan, daughter of Oliver Hiwys of Donniford, who survived her husband seventeen years. Simon died 12 March, 18 H. VI. (1441-2), and Joan died before 1455.

X. Joan de Raleigh, sister and eventual heir, was of Nettlecombe, Wrenchester, Llantwit, and Llancarvan. She married Sir John de Whellesborough, or Walesborow, or Whalesborough, in Marham-Church, co. Cornwall. They were a considerable Cornish family, and possessed Lancarfe, Treisdor, Lamelwyn, and Perran-Uthnoe, and had besides estates in Somerset, Devon, and Surrey. They bore argent, a fess lozengy gules, indicating some early feudal dependence upon the Earls Mareschal. They had

XI. Thomas Whellesborough of Whellesborough, Nettlecombe, and Wrenchester Castle, who was recognised as right heir of Simon de Raleigh. He was dead in 1482. He married Matilda or Maud, living 1482. She was a daughter of Sir William Bowes. They had-1, Elizabeth; 2, Catherine, who seems to have died s. p.

XII. Elizabeth Whellesborough, heiress of the Cornish, Somerset, and Welsh estates. She married John Trevelyan of Trevelyan and Basil in St. Cleather, co. Cornwall, who bore gules, a horse argent, armed or, rising out of the sea, party per fess, wavy, azure and or. In consequence of this marriage the Trevelyans settled at Nettlecombe, and became also Glamorganshire landowners de jure, though not, as will appear, for some time de facto. The marriage settlement is dated London, 19 July, 1452. It does not include the Welsh property, which possibly was then vested in Catherine. It appears from the Trevelyan papers, printed by the Camden Society, that the Duke of Suffolk, who, by descent from Ismayn Hanaps, was of kin to the Whellesboroughs, had got possession of their Welsh property. In 1463 John Trevelyan addressed the duke, pointing out that his wife, Elizabeth, was the true owner of the manors of Mighelstone and its advowson, of Lancarvan, Lantewyte, 'and Wrygstone, with their appurtenances,'

which had always been in their blood until lately, when Alice Chaucer, the duke's mother, by the management of William, late Lord Herbert, entered upon the lands contrary to right: and he prayed the duke to consider his own estate and the poverty of Thomas Whellesborough and his heirs, though of the duke's blood, and to appoint a day to have the truth examined into, and the lands restored.

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At the same time Trevelyan moved the king, who also in 1463 wrote to the duke, stating that he understood that Trevelyan had long made suit to him no longer to withhold his wife's inheritance in Wales, entailed upon her and her heirs by fine, as the heir of Sir John and Simon Raleigh, which entail resteth to our exchequer at Cardiff.' The king adds that the duke's mother entered on the lands on the plea that her father, Thomas Chaucer, was enfeoffed of them, whereas Trevelyan can shew that he was enfeoffed only as trustee.

The letter from Edward IV. seems to have produced no effect. Trevelyan (then Sir John), twenty-five years later, in 1488, addressed himself to Henry VII., relating how he had been despoiled of his lands in the time of Jasper Duke of Bedford, the king's uncle, by Sir Walter Herbert, now deceased; who, because the manors lay near his own lands, and he could not obtain them by fair means, used his great power, and feigning a title, entered upon them wrongfully, and left them to his widow, Lady Anne, now living, and a sister of Edward Stafford, Duke of Bucks. Sir John adds that he cannot prevail against such power, and prays the king's interference.

The effect of this further application was to produce a release from John Duke of Suffolk in the same year, in which he quits all claim to the manors of Michestow, Wrynchester, Lancarvan, and Lantwit, with the advowson of Michelstow,' and yields them up to John Trevelyan. Among the witnesses are John Butler, Matthew Cradock, and Maurice Butler.

From the above statements it may, perhaps, be inferred that Sir Walter Herbert, who was second son of William the great Earl of Pembroke, availed himself of Duchess Alice's shadow of a claim, through the enfeoffment of her father, to enter on the lands; intending, since Trevelyan would not sell, to secure them to the duchess, who was not likely to care for them, and thence obtain them for himself. Herbert died childless before 1488.

John Trevelyan, who so perseveringly fought for, and successfully established, his right, died in 1493, leaving

XIII. Sir John Trevelyan, Knt., then aged thirty years and upwards, and who died 21 Sept., 1552, leaving

XIV. John Trevelyan, then aged thirty years and upwards, and who, or his father, seems to have disposed of the estate, which a few years later appears in the possession of the Earl of Worcester. The Trevelyan muniments have evidently been so carefully preserved that it is not improbable that the date and particulars of the sale may be found among them.

Of the Castle of Wrenchester, or, as the place is now called, Wrinston, 'etiam periere ruinæ '; but the name of the family who held it in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries is preserved in the adjacent seat of Cwrt-yr-Raleigh (now known as Court-yr-Alla), where the Raleighs probably resided when the circumstances of the country rendered the confinement of a castle unnecessary; and which may have been, in later times, the residence of their agent or steward.

Of Dinas Powis Castle, part of the reputed heritage of Ela de Reigny, the walls of the principal enclosure remain. They retain no traces of ornament, nor even of ashlar; but are probably of the twelfth century, and the work of Sir Milo or his immediate progenitors. The name and position of the fortress support the tradition of its having been a Welsh stronghold, where, not improbably, Jestyn and his father may have resided. It stands upon and crowns a knoll of rock in the mouth of Combe George, and besides

being inconveniently small for a wealthy knight of the thirteenth century, was scarcely tenable against the improved military engines of that age, for which reasons it was probably abandoned for Wrinston.

The manors of Wrinston in Wenvoe and Michaelston-le-Pit are contiguous, forming one compact estate, and were holden under the lordship of Dinas Powis : but it is singular that this lordship or cantred, held by Ela and her husband, should not have been held, with the Castle, by the later Raleighs and Trevelyans. At a somewhat subsequent period Dinas Powis lordship appears as divided, one moiety being in the crown, and the other in the Herberts.

The two manors of Wrinston and Michaelston, as well as that of Llancarvan, of which Trevelyan seems to have recovered possession in 1488, were, together with West Orchard manor, the subject of a family settlement (10th Nov., 11th Ch. I.) on the marriage of Edward Lord Herbert, Earl of Glamorgan, with Lady Katherine Dormer, in which these, with many other manors elsewhere, were settled on Lord Herbert for life, with remainder to Henry, his eldest son. These, no doubt, were either sold to, or exchanged with, the Herberts by Trevelyan; and thence passed, on the marriage of the Pembroke heiress with Sir Charles Somerset, into the latter family.

What is enumerated with the above three as 'Llantwit Manor,' is, no doubt, West Llantwit or LlantwitRaleigh, called also Abbot's Llantwit; and not Boverton Manor in Llantwit, which has always been annexed to the lordship of Glamorgan; and was with it sold or granted to Sir William Herbert, ancestor of the bastard branch of that family.

Llantwit-Raleigh probably was held on lease under Tewkesbury Abbey, and from its chief lords derived its name of Abbot's Llantwit; for 12 June, 15 H. VIII., Edward Stradling applied to purchase it as parcel of the possessions of the dissolved monastery of Tewkesbury; and with the application there exists, in the Augmentation Office, a confirmation (23 Eliz.) of the manor by Sir William Cecil, Knt., Lord Burghley, Lord Treasurer, and Robert Keylway, Esq., one of the surveyors of the Court of Wards, to Edward, son of Edward Stradling, gent.

As Lord Bute includes this manor in his periodical advertisements of manor courts, he is, no doubt, now its lord; but its history after the above confirmation to Edward Stradling is not known.

The subsequent history of the manors of Wrinston, Michaelston, and West Orchard, is curious. Having been a part of the Marquess of Worcester's (Lord Glamorgan's) estate, they were given by the Parliament to Colonel Horton's brigade as a reward for their services at the battle of St. Fagan's. The brigade sold them to Colonel Philip Jones of Fonmon, who also bought up the title of the Somerset family, and so preserved them after the Restoration. Llancarvan manor is still possessed by his descendant, O. H. Jones. Michaelston belongs to Miss Rous of Cwrt-yr-Ala, Wrinston to Mr. Jenner of Wenvoe, and West Orchard to the Rev. Mr. Rayer.

MXL.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT BY ROBERT DE COLEWINESTUNE TO MARGAM, THAT HE IS BOUND TO PAY 20 PENCE

YEARLY FOR LAND AT BLAKEBURG.

[PENRICE MSS.]

Universis CHRISTI fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit. ROBERTUS de COLEWINESTUN' salutem in Domino.

Noverit universitas vestra quod ego vel heredes mei tenemur reddere singulis annis domui de MARGAM viginti denarios ad duos terminos. scilicet ad Pascha decem denarios et ad festum Sancti ANDREE decem denarios. pro terra que jacet apud BLAKEBURHE quam monachi habuerunt ex dono WALTERI de Regni. Nec dictam terram a dicta domo possumus alienare dare vel vendere sine ipsorum assensu. Et ut premisse firmitatis robur obtineant in perpetuum . presenti scripto sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus. WALTERO de SULI. WILLELMO de CLIVEDUN'. THOMAS de HODENET. CLEMENTE clerico. RICARDO FRANCEIS. RICARDO clerico de KENEFEG. et multis aliis.

Pointed oval seal, dark green wax, lin. by in. Device, an escallop.
Legends' ROB' DE. COLWINE.'

Endorsed-Carta Roberti de Colewinestune de viginti denariis.'

MXLI.

ANNEXATION BY THOMAS, BISHOP OF ST. DAVID'S, OF THE CHURCH OF LLANGEVELACH TO THE COLLEGIATE CHURCH OF LANKADOK.

[HARL. MSS. 1249, f. 62 b., p. 124.]

ASCENSION DAY. 11 MAY. A.D. 1290.

Universis Sanctæ matris ecclesiæ filiis præsens scriptum visuris vel audituris THOMAS permissione divina MENEVENSIS episcopus et ejusdem loci capitulum salutem in Domino sempiternam.

1

Ad memoriam jugiter reducentes et jugi revolucione ac deliberacione provida ponderantes paupertatem et maximam egestatem ecclesiæ collegiatæ de LANKADOK adeo quod propter exilitatem et penuriam ipsius non habeat receptaculum in quo senes vel orphani pauperes vel peregrini imbecilles vel languidi advenæ vel transeuntes valeant hospitari vel eis de die seu nocte possit aliqualiter subveniri seu in quo caritatis opera exerceantur ecclesiam de LANGAVELACH in GOHERIA nostræ dioceseos decanatui prædictæ ecclesiæ collegiats de LANGADOK de consensu et assensu magnifici principis Domini EDWARDI Regis ANGLILE illustris duximus assignandam seu potius annectendam. Ita quod ipsam ecclesiam de LANGAVELACH in GOHERIA memoratam decanatui assignatam ut premisimus et annexam in proprios usus imposterum licite valeat retinere. In testimonium cujus rei sigilla nostra præsentibus duximus apponenda. Et impressionem sigilli Domini nostri Regis predicti similiter hiis appendi procuravimus.

Datum apud WESTMONASTERIUM in ffesto ascentionis Domini anno Domini millesimo como. nonagesimo. et anno regni Domini Regis predictæ (sic) decimo octavo.

MXLII.

CONFIRMATION BY THE CHAPTER OF ST. DAVID'S OF THE APPROPRIATION OF THE CHURCH OF LANGAVELACH, IN GOWER.

[HARL. MSS. 1249, f. 87, p. 171.]

1290.

Universis Sanctae matris ecclesiæ filiis ad quos presentes literæ pervenerint capitulum ecclesiæ MENEVENSIS salutem in Domino sempiternam.

Ad memoriam jugiter reducentes et jugi revolucione ac deliberacione provida ponderantes paupertatem et maximam egestatem ecclesiæ collegiatæ de LANGADOK MENEVENSIS dioceseos adeo quod propter exilitatem et penuriam ipsius non habeant receptaculum in quo senes vel orphani pauperes vel peregrini imbecilles vel languidi advenæ vel transeuntes valeant hospitari vel eis de die seu nocte possit aliqualiter subveniri seu in quo caritatis opera exerceantur ecclesiam de