Senator HUDDLESTON. How big is that cluster?

Mr. MANGUM. Jerry Cotter, would you respond to that?

How large is that?

Mr. COTTER. The area was approximately 2 feet wide or 2 x 2 and approximately 3 feet in.

Mr. MANGUM. Next slide, please.

Mr. MANGUM. This is an additional closeup of the same cluster of heating and sour corn. It does show the cascade effect where the corn breaks away from the cluster and starts to move.

Senator HUDDLESTON. Do you want to explain for the record what you mean by sour corn?

Mr. MANGUM. Jerry, would you explain sour corn?

Mr. COTTER. Sour corn is a result of heating or excessive moisture in the grain starting initial fermentation.

Senator HUDDLESTON. It is already beginning to ferment?

Is that what you are saying?

Mr. MANGUM. Yes, sir; it is.

Senator HUDDLESTON. Would you please identify yourself for the record?

Mr. MANGUM. This is Jerry Cotter. We identified him earlier, sir. Senator YOUNG. Mr. Chairman, could I ask a question at this point?

Senator HUDDLESTON. Yes.

Senator YOUNG. What is the tolerance for a crop of foreign material in No. 3?

Mr. MANGUM. Four percent for BCFM.
Senator YOUNG. Four percent?

Mr. MANGUM. Yes.

Senator YOUNG. No. 3 is 8 percent I believe.
Mr. MANGUM. We are talking about corn, sir.
Senator YOUNG. I was trying to compare the two.
There is 4 percent for No. 3 corn?

Mr. MANGUM. Yes.

Senator YOUNG. What can that be? Broken corn, or what?

Mr. COTTER. It is broken corn and foreign material. Anything other than corn.

Senator YOUNG. Such as gravel?

Mr. COTTER. Less any material that passes through a 12/64 round-hole sieve.

Mr. MANGUM. This is another view from a distance of the same cluster of sour heated corn.

Mr. MANGUM. This is also from the center forward section showing an excessive amount of dust and foreign material.

This dust covered the portion of the grain in that sector in the hole. We estimate 3 to 4 feet deep and 30 x 30 feet roughly.

Mr. COTTER. About 3 to 4 feet deep in some areas and covers an area approximately 20 feet by 70 feet.

Senator HUDDLESTON. Wait a minute. Are you talking about the dust being that deep?

Mr. MANGUM. Yes, sir.

Senator HUDDLESTON. On top of the corn?

Mr. MANGUM. Yes.

Senator HUDDLESTON. Pure solid dust?

Mr. MANGUM. You can see how few grains of corn there were scattered there. When you walked in it was almost up to your hips. Senator HUDDLESTON. Is it not common that dust raises to the top? Mr. MANGUM. Yes. You have dust, but not in that quantity. Senator HUDDLESTON. What is the normal; what would be acceptable?

Mr. MANGUM. What would you think, Jerry?

Mr. COTTER. I am sorry. I did not hear the question. Senator HUDDLESTON. What would be the normal amount of dust that would accumulate during the normal loading of the grain?

Mr. COTTER. Most of the dust of this type or nature normally accumulates on deck and not in the hold as a result of blowing back and it is loaded in. This type of particular dust is not really commonly found during loading, especially in this amount. You find an occasional spot where it has run down or covered an inch, but not this much.

Senator HUDDLESTON. What does the dust indicate?

Mr. MANGUM. It indicated to us that it was put on there intentionally.

Senator HUDDLESTON. Dust was put there intentionally?

Mr. MANGUM. Yes, sir.

Senator HUDDLESTON. To fill the hole?

Mr. MANGUM. Fill the hole.

Senator YOUNG. Mr. Chairman, could I ask a further question? Senator HUDDLESTON. Yes.

Senator YOUNG. What is the tolerance for moisture in No. 3 corn! Mr. MANGUM. Tolerance for moisture is 1712 percent.

Senator YOUNG. Corn heating would have to have more than 17 percent; would it not?

Mr. MANGUM. Yes, sir.

Senator YOUNG. That could not possibly be graded No. 3.
Mr. MANGUM. That is our contention, sir.
Next slide, please.

Mr. MANGUM. This is a distant view of the same general problem. You can see the excessive amount of dust and when people have walked up and down and you can see where tracks have been all through it and still it is a long way from the breakthrough to the good grain.

This covered a rather massive area of the hold.

Senator HUDDLESTON. Where would that dust come from? From out of the elevator?

Mr. MANGUM. It would be speculative for me to say. sir. They have dust bins in the elevator. They have any number of sources. Senator HUDDLESTON. It would be likely that it was mixed in with the grain as the grain was being loaded?

Mr. MANGUM. It appeared this was probably loaded afterwards. Senator HUDDLESTON. Dust was loaded after the grain?

Mr. MANGUM. Yes.

Senator CLARK. Mr. Chairman, could we have the witnesses speak a lot louder? I cannot hear what they are testifying to. Mr. MANGUM. I am sorry.

Next slide, please.

Mr. MANGUM. This is a view of the center tank No. 1 and it is a view of the area from which 25,000 to 30,000 bushels of corn have been discharged by the use of a pneumatic sucker. That is the device that comes down and you suck the grain through that device onto the barge that was at the side of the ship.

You see it has moved the grain down quite considerably from the top. Normally the grain would be close to the "big boy" opening immediately underneath the stairs.

Now, in my earlier statement, at this point the Destrehan board of trade sampled around the bottom of this area and they came up, I think, with 6.1 percent BCFM. Our probe showed quite a variation ranging from 4.5 percent BCFM to 49.4 percent, I believe was the figure, still a lot of BCFM down at this area, which is 20-some feet down from the opening?