His communications with navy, Middleton, iv. 10. His influence over the Whig party, 52. Made First Lord of the Admiralty, 70. His secrecy in regard to the plan against Brest, 99. Ar- Sails for the Mediterranean, 100. Baf- rives in the Mediterranean, 104. fled by the Spanish Government; his improved naval administration, 105. Winters at Cadiz, 105. His superiority in the Mediterranean (1695), 170. His services and popularity, 181, 182. Elected for Middlesex (1695), 182. Joins the fleet on the discovery of the assassination plot, 220. Puts to sea, 222. Implicated in Fenwick's confes- sion, 260. His demeanour, 262. De- mands enquiry into Fenwick's confession, 275. Made Earl of Orford and Viscount Barfleur, 303. His administration of the navy, 462. Parliamentary enquiry Com- into his administration, 462. pelled to resign the Treasurership of the Admiralty, 464. His dispute with Sir George Rooke, and retirement, 465.
Orkney, Countess of. See Elizabeth Vil- liers.
Orleans, Philip, Duke of, character of him
and of his Regency, v. 630. Orloff, Count, his appearance at Dr. Bur- ney's concert, vii. 7.
Orme, merits and defects of his work on India, vi. 382.
Ormond, James Butler, Duke of, i. 141. His income, 241. High public estima- tion of, 348. Recalled from Ireland, 350. Keeps aloof from Popish obser- His moderate counsel to vances, 368. James II., 555. Supports Catharine Sedley, 576. Chancellor of the Univer- sity of Oxford, ii. 92. His death, 206. Ormond, Duke of (grandson of the above), elected Chancellor of the University of Oxford, ii. 206. Deserts James II., 281. Present at the coronation of William and Mary, iii. 490. Made a Knight of the Garter, 492. Meeting of Irish proprietors at his house, 514. At the battle of the Boyne, iii. 289. Accompanies William III. to Holland, 369. At the battle of Steinkirk, 582. Taken His house broken into, 593. prisoner at Landen, iv. 22. His part in the debate on Fenwick's attainder, 290, 292. Grant of Irish lands to, by the House of Commons, 528. Present at the death-bed of William III., 555. Commands an expedition sent to Spain, v. 660. Ill-discipline of his troops, 660. Seizes the galleons at Vigo, 661. Oropesa, Spanish minister, popular attack upon, iv. 470.
Orsini, the Princess, v. 659.
Orthodoxy, at one time a synonyme for ignorance and stupidity, vi. 484. Osborne, Sir Peter, incident of Temple with the son and daughter of, vi. 256,
262. Osborne, Sir Thomas. See Danby, Earl of. Ossian, character of the poems of, vii. 616. Ossory, Earl of, commands British auxi- liaries in Holland, i. 178.
Ostalric, taken by the French, iv. 104. Ostracism, practice of, among the Athe- nians, vii. 689.
Oswald, James, vii. 212.
Othello, causes of the power of, vii. 614. Ottobuoni, Peter. See Alexander VIII. Otway, v. 371.
Overall, Bishop, his treatise on the Rights of Governors, iii. 402, 402 note. Overbury, Sir Thomas, vi. 197, 198. Ovid, Addison's Notes to the 2nd and 3rd books of his Metamorphoses, vii. 58. Owen, Mr. Robert, v. 335. Oxford, meeting of Parliament at (1681), i. 205. Eminent divines at, 259. Fly- ing coach to, 295. Low state of Greek learning at (time of Charles II.), 309. Loyal address from, to James II., 371. Loyalty of the University, 462. Roman Catholics at, under James II., 588, 590. The University; Bishopric of, 590. Its loyalty, 93. its splendour, ii. 92. James II.'s attack upon, 97. James II. at, 107. Agitation in, on the affairs of Magdalene College, 114. The Corpora- tion of, refuses to resign its charter, 141. Wel- Election of Chancellor at, 206. William comes the insurgents, 293. III.'s visit to, iv. 179. Inferiority of Oxford University to Cambridge in in- tellectual activity, vi. 140. Its disaffec- tion to the House of Hanover, vii. 105, 228. Rose into favour with the Govern- ment under Bute, 228. Visit of George III. to, vii. 28. Oxford the stronghold of Toryism at the beginning of the 18th century, 108. Oxford, Aubrey de Vere, Earl of, ii. 126. Dismissed from the Lord Lieutenancy of At the Council of Lords, Essex, 126. 284. Joins William Prince of Orange, 294. At the battle of the Boyne, iii.
Palatinate laid waste by the French under Duras, in 1689, ii. 494. Again ravaged by the French under the Duke of Lor- ges, in 1693, iv. 38.
Palatine Elector (the), his prudent advice to James II., i. 600.
Paley, Archdeacon, Mr. Gladstone's opi- nion of his defence of the Church, vi. 330. His reasoning the same as that by which Socrates confuted Aristode- mus, 456.
Pallas, the birth-place of Oliver Gold- smith, vii. 310.
Paoli, his admiration of Miss Burney, vii. 17.
Papacy, its influence, vi. 462. Effect of Luther's public renunciation of commu- nion with it, 465.
Papal supremacy, advantages of, in the dark ages, i. 7.
Paper currency, Southey's notions of, v.
Papillon, Thomas, a Director of the East
India Company; an Exclusionist, iii. 471. Retires from the Direction, 472. His accusation against Sir Josiah Child, 475. Chairman of the Committee of the House of Commons in the affair of the Redbridge, iv. 73.
Papists, line of demarcation between them and Protestants, vi. 145.
Papists and Puritans, persecution of, by Elizabeth, v. 166.
Paradise, picture of, in old Bibles, v. 401. Painting of, by a gifted master, 401. Paradise Regained, its excellence, v. 13. Paradiso, Dante's, its principal merit, vii.
Paraphrase of a Passage in the Chronicle
of the Monk of St. Gall, viii. 598. Paris, rejoicings in, on the report of Wil- liam III.'s death at the battle of the Boyne, iii. 303. Influence of its opinions among the educated classes in Italy, vi. 485. Policy of the Jacobins of, vii. 148. Their excesses, 149.
Parker, Archbishop, v. 607. Parker, Samuel, made Bishop of Oxford,
i. 590; ii. 101. Recommended by James II. for the Presidency of Magdalene College, 104. Installed in the Presi- dency, 112. His death, 115. Parkhurst, Bishop, i. 40.
Parkinson, R., on the population of Man- chester, i. 267 note.
Parkyns, Sir William, a Jacobite conspi-
rator, iv. 147. His share in the assas- sination plot, 211. Arms found at his house, 222. His trial and conviction, 228. Refuses to betray his confederates; executed, 230.
Parliaments of the 15th century, their condition, v. 194.
Parliament, powers of, i. 23. Strengh of Puritans in (under Elizabeth), 48. Abstains from opposition, 49. Takes up the question of monopolies, 49. Eleven years' disuse of, by Charles L. 68. Called in consequence of the Scotch war, 75. Dissolved, 75. The Long Parliament, 76. Its measures; parties in, 77. Its unanimity at the outset, 78. Its increased demands on the King, 87. Its resources at the commencement of the civil war, 89. Reverses, 91. Submits to military rule, 94. Dissolved, 103. Parliaments under Cromwell, 107, 108. The Long, re- vived; second expulsion, 113. Its re- turn, 116. And final dissolution, 117. Convention summoned by Monk; its meeting, 118. Dissolved by Charles II., 137. The Parliament of James L., v. 548, 549. Charles I., his first, 550, 551. His second, 551, 552. Its dis- solution, 552. His fifth, 562. Effect of the publication of its proceedings, vi. 20, 27. See Long Parliament. Parliament (the), of 1640, sketch of its proceedings, v. 178, 237.
Parliament of 1661, its zeal for royalty, i. 138. Opposition in, to Charles IL, 151. Deceived by the Cabal; pro- rogued, 169. Dissolved, 185; iii. 623. Its servility, 624.
Parliament of 1679 (the first), its vio- lence against Papists, i. 187. Pro- rogued, 195. Second Parliament of 1679, 195. Meets; the Exclusion Bill passed by the Commons, 203. The Lords throw out the Bill, 203. Parliament of 1681, summoned to meet at Oxford, i. 204. Its meeting and dis- solution, 205.
Parliament of 1685, i. 355. Its attach- ment to the Court, 375. Meets; pre- liminary consultations, 397. Elects a Speaker, 398. Its proceedings regard- ing religion, 402. Votes supplies, 403. Attaints Monmouth, 452. Its liberal- supplies to James II., 453. Adjourned, 455. Re-assembles (Nov. 1685), 536. Opposition organised in, 537, 538. Majorities against government, 542, 544. Addresses James II. on the Test; reprimanded by him, 544. Prorogued, 581. Dissolved, ii. 89. Parliament of 1689 (see Convention) enters into the question of revenue, ii. 424. Passes the Toleration Bill, 467. And the Bill for settling oaths, 476. Petitions William III. to summon Con- vocation, 486. Addresses the King on the proceedings of Lewis XIV., 498. Disputes in, iii. 103. Disputes between the Houses, 110. Recess, 130. Re-
assembles, 192. Votes supplies, 193. Passes the Bill of Rights, 193. En- quires into naval abuses, 195. Enquires into the conduct of the Irish war, 196. Violence of the Whig faction, 201. Im- peachments, 202. Appoints the "Mur- der Committee," 203. Prorogued, 219. Dissolved, 220.
Parliament of 1690, its meeting, iii. 237.
Settles the revenue, 239. Passes a Bill declaring the Acts of the last Parlia- ment valid, 247. Passes the Act of Grace, 252. Prorogued, 255. Re- assembles, 355. Grants supplies; ap- points Commissioners to examine ac- counts; debates on ways and means, 356. Question of Irish confiscations, 357. Question of proceedings against Lord Torrington, 358. Reassembles in October 1691, 459.
Grants sup- plies; debates on official fees and salaries, 460–462. Debates on the settlement of Ireland; question rela- tive to the Treaty of Limerick, 462- 464. Debates on the East India trade, 465. Passes resolutions on the sub- ject, 479. Bill brought in, but de- feated by the Company, 480. Petitions William III. to dissolve the Company, 481. Debates on the Bill for regu- lating Trials for High Treason, 481- 484. Discussion on the Lords' amend- ment, 485-488. The Bill dropped, 488. Enquires into Fuller's allegations of a plot, 504. Session of 1692, 595. Par- ties in, 595. Question of privilege in the Lords, 596. Debates on the state of the nation; the Grand Committee of Advice, 597. Enquires into naval ad- ministration, 598-600. Revival of the Bill for regulating Trials for Treason, 602. Resumed debate on the India trade, 606. Votes supplies, 607. Regu- lates the Land Tax, 608. Dispute be- tween the Houses, 609. Raises money by loan, 616. Question of Parlia- mentary Reform, 621. Becomes un- popular, 624-625. Debates on the Place Bill, 626, 628-630. On the Triennial Bill, 630-632. Secresy of debates, 633. Burns Burnet's Pastoral Letter, 641. Addresses William III. on the state of Ireland, 648. Debates on naval miscarriages, iv. 69, 70. On the trade with India, 72. On the regu- lation of Trials for High Treason, 75. On the Triennial Bill, 75. On the Place Bill, 77. Excitement in, on William III.'s employment of the Veto, 79. Representation to the King; his reply, 79. Reaction in the King's fa- vour, 80. Debates on the Bill for the Naturalisation of Foreign Protestants,
81-82. Debates on Supply, 83. Ways and Means, 84. Debates on the Bank of England Bill, 92-94. Prorogued, 96. Meets in November, 1694, 111. Debates on the Lancashire prosecutions. 113. Resumed debates on the Bills of the last session, 115. Abolishes the censorship of the press, 124. Enquires into official corruption, 128. Expels Sir John Trevor from the Speakership, 132. Impeachment of the Duke of Leeds, 137, 139. Dissolved, 176. Parliament of 1695, assembles, iv. 198.
Debates on the Currency, 200-202. On the Bill for regulating State Trials, 203, 204. Proceedings on the grant of Crown Lands in Wales to the Duke of Portland, 205, 206. Proceedings on the assassination plot, 221, 222. "The Association," 221, 232-235. Debates on the Bill for the Regulation of Elec- tions, 236, 237. On the Bill for a Land Bank, 238. Reassembles, 264. Loyal resolutions, 266. Proceedings touching Fenwick's confession, 275, 276. Com- mons' debates on the Bill for Fenwick's Attainder, 277-285. Lords' debates, 288-293. Debates on the Bill for re- gulating Elections, 298-300. On the Bill for the Regulation of the Press, 300. Abolishes the privileges of White- friars and the Savoy; its close, 303.
Meets in Dec. 1697, iv. 342. Loyal address of the Commons to the King, 343. Resolution for the reduction of
the army, 343. Ineffectual attempt to rescind the resolution, 348. The army reduced to 10,000 men, 348. Liberal provision for the navy; fixed income for the King, 349. Provides securities against conspiracies and disaffected persons, 350. Ways and means; pro- posed resumption of crown property granted to the King's Dutch servants, 353, 356. The motion defeated, 357. Debates on charges of fraud against Montague, 357-359. Bill of Pains and Penalties against Charles_Dun- combe, 360. Rejected by the Lords, 366. Dispute between the Houses, 367. Length of the session; commercial questions, 367. Endeavour to prevent smuggling by severe penalties, 369. Addresses to the King for the protection of the English woollen manufactures against Irish competition, 373. Debates on the revocation of the East India Company's Charter, 376. On Mon- tague's proposal of a General Company, 377. Debate in the Lords; prorogation, 378. Steady support of Government by
the Parliament of 1695, 421. Parliament of 1698, strength of parties in,
Discontent at William III.'s delay in Holland, 436. Choice of a Speaker, 437, 438. Election of Sir Thomas Littleton, 438. Resolution for the reduction of the army to 7,000, 440. Failure of the Ministry to rescind the resolution, 444. Variance between the House of Commons and the Ministry, 449-451. Tyrannical conduct of the House, 453. The Bill for disbanding the Army passes the Commons, 453. Debate in the Lords; the Bill passed, 454.
Resolution carried in the Lords in favour of retaining the Dutch guards, 457. William's message to the Com- mons, 459. The previous question carried, 460. Address to the King, 460. Discussion on naval administra- tion, 461, 462. Clause for the appoint- ment of Commissioners to take account of property forfeited in Ireland; the Lords demur, 463. Prorogation, 464. Proceedings on the establishment of the Scottish Company for colonizing Darien, 488. Assembles in Nov. 1699, 513. In- temperate address of the Commons to the King, 514. Attack on Somers, 514. On Burnet, 516. Second attack on Somers, 518, 519. Proceedings on the report of the Commissioners on Irish forfeited estates, 524. Remuneration to the Commissioners who signed the report, 525. Sir Richard Levinge sent to the Tower; the Resumption Bill, 526. Extravagant grants to the Duke of Ormond, 528. The Resumption Bill tacked to the Land Tax Bill; indig- nation in the House of Peers, 529. Amendments carried by them; rejected by the Commons, 530. Conferences between the Houses, 533, 534. Lords give way and pass the Bill, 535. Motion in the Commons for the removal of Lord Somers from office, 536. Its defeat, 537. Prorogation, 538. Disso- lution, 549.
Parliament of Ireland, summoned by James II., in 1689, ii. 558. Passes the Toleration Act, 560. Confiscates the property of Protestants, 561. Parliament, Irish, of 1692, assembles; its composition and limited powers, iii. 646. Rejects the Act of Settlement; appoints Committee of Grievances, 647.
Parliament, Scotch, constitution of, i. 73. Parliament of 1685; its subserviency to James II., 385. Enacts the statute against conventicles, 386. Assembles in 1686, 613. Its refractory spirit, 614. Representatives of towns, 615. Ad- journed, 617. The Parliament of 1689, factions in, iii. 78. Passes the Act of
Incapacitation, 80. Refuses supplies, 81. Adjourned, 92. Reassembles in 1690, 336. Factiousness and venality of the leading statesmen, 336. Govern ment obtains a majority, 337. Votes supplies, 338. Restores the ejected Presbyterian ministers, 339. Settles the Church constitution, 339, 341. Set- tles the question of Church patronage, 342. Adjourns, 347. Reassembles in 1693, 654. Its unexpected moderation. 655. Meets in 1695, iv. 149. Proceed- ings in regard to the Glencoe massacre, 150-152. Votes supply, 155. Meets in the autumn of 1696; passes Acts for the security of Government; Act for the settling of Schools, 306. Passes an Act incorporating a Company to carry out Paterson's scheme, 482. Powers given to the Company, 482. Parliamentary government, its advantages and disadvantages, vii. 377. Parliamentary opposition, its origin, v. 543. Parliamentary reform, vii. 218.
on, viii. 11, 26, 39, 51, 63, 79. Parr, Dr., vi. 630.
Party, illustration of the use and abuse of, vii. 254. Power of, during the Refor mation and the French Revolution, v. 593.
Pascal, Blaise, i. 568; vi. 318,459. Pasquinades, ii. 85.
Paterson, William, his plan of a Na- tional Bank, iv. 91. His fruitless pro- jects, 476. His intimacy with Fletcher of Saltoun, 477. Popularity of his schemes, in Scotland, 478. Proposes the colonisation of Darien by Scotland, 480-482. His examination before the House of Commons, 489. His obstinate self-delusion, 490. Sails for America, 491. His disastrous failure, 498. Patrick, Simon, preacher at St. Paul's, Covent Garden, i. 259. Takes part in the conference with Roman Catholie divines, 638. His share in resisting the reading of James II.'s Declaration, ii. 149, 150. A member of the Eccle- siastical Commission, iii. 172. Em- ployed to rewrite the Collects; his style, 176 and note. Made Bishop of
Chichester, 184. Translated to the See of Ely, 400. "Patriots" (the), in opposition to Sir R. Walpole, vi. 25. Their remedies for State evils, 30. Patronage, effect of, on literature, v. 105. Patronage of literary men, v. 370. Less necessary than formerly, 371, 373. Paul IV., Pope, his zeal and devotion, vi. 467, 471.
Paulet, Sir Amias, vi. 148.
Paulician theology, its doctrines and pre- valence among the Albigenses, vi. 462. In Bohemia and the Lower Danube, 463. Pauperism, diminution of, i. 328, 329 n. Pausanias, his insanity, viii. 692. Pauson, the Athenian painter, viii. 582. Payne, Neville, a Jacobite agent, iii. 333.
Flies to Scotland, 346. Seized and ex- amined by torture; his firmness, 347. Peacham, Rev. Mr., his treatment by Bacon, vi. 171, 174.
Pearson, John, Bishop of Chester, i. 259. His death, 590.
Pechell, Dr. John, Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University, ii. 96. Behaviour of Jeffreys to, 97. Peculiars, Court of, i. 591.
Peel, Sir Robert, remarks on his past con- duct and present position, viii. 168. Peers, new creations of, v. 200. Impolicy of limiting the number of, vii. 118. Question of their sterility, as a class, v.
Peiræus, disreputable character of, viii. 582.
Pelham, Henry, Parliamentary corruption
under, iii. 230. His character, vi. 33. His death, 58.
Pelhams (the), their ascendency, vi. 31. Their accession to power, 55. Feeble-
ness of the opposition to them, 55. See also Newcastle, Duke of.
Pemberton, counsel for the bishops, ii. 170, 172.
Pembroke, Thomas Herbert, Earl of, col- lects the Wiltshire Militia to oppose Monmouth, i. 461. Removed from the Lord Lieutenancy of Wiltshire, ii. 131. Present at the Coronation of William and Mary, 490. Placed at the head of the Admiralty, iii. 232. One of the Council of Nine, 269. Appointed Lord Privy Seal, 508. Appointed one of the Lords Justices, iv. 141. His part in the debate on Fenwick's attainder, 290, 292. English negotiator at Ryswick, 312. Appointed President of the Council, 465. Joins in the resistance of the Peers to the Resumption Bill, 530. Pendergrass warns Portland of the assas- sination plot, iv. 217. His interview with William III., 218. His evidence, 224.
Peninsular War, Southey's, v. 333. Penn, William, i. 393. His influence with James II., 394. His high reputation, 395. His character, 395, 396. Con- ducts the bargain for the ransom of the Taunton young ladies, 509 and note. His presence at the execution of Cor- nish, 518. At the burning of Elizabeth Gaunt, 518. His services to James II., ii. 50. His proposal of equivalents, 63. At Chester, 105. Negotiates with the Fellows of Magdalene College, 108, 109 and note, 110 and note. Advises a Jacobite invasion of England, iii. 261. Examined by the Privy Council, 270. Held to bail, 270. Takes part in a Jacobite conspiracy, 363. Informed against by Preston, 383. Warrant is- sued against, 386. His flight; his in- terview with Lord Sidney, 390, 391. Pardoned; his faithlessness, 391. Penne, George, i. 511 note. Penseroso and Allegro, Milton's, v. 10. People, the, comparison of their condition in the 16th and 19th centuries, v. 359 et seq. Their welfare not considered in partition treaties, 648.
Pepys, Samuel, his report on the English Navy, i. 235, 239 note. His account of Bristol, 262. His travelling adventures, 292. His administration of the Admi- ralty, 349; ii. 238. Examined as wit- ness against the bishops, 174. His praise of the Triple Alliance, vi. 276
Pepysian Library, ballads in, i. 226 note; 266 note, 490 note, 601. Maps of
London in, 275 note. MSS. in, 476 note. Pericles, his distribution of gratuities among the members of the Athenian tribunals, vi. 193. His eloquence, viii.
Périer, M., translator of the works of Machiavelli, v. 46.
Persecution, religious, in the reign of Elizabeth, v. 166, 167. Its reactionary effects upon churches and thrones, 178. In England during the progress of the Reformation, 596.
Personation, Johnson's want of talent for, v. 536.
Personification, Robert Montgomery's pen- chant for, v. 383.
Perth, James Drummond, Earl of, Chan- cellor of Scotland, i. 609. Apostatises, 609. Supports the policy of James II., 615, 619. Retires from Edinburgh, ii. 351. His attempted flight, 352. Raised to the Dukedom, by James III., v. 544.
Peshwa, authority and origin of, vi. 583. Peter the First, Czar of Muscovy, his visit to England, iv. 381. Surprise excited by
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