...the doing of it, whereas the rewards of work are derivative. A key element of play, he says, is that "[i]t is an activity connected with no material interest, and no profit can be gained by it." Being outside ordinary life, play interrupts the appetitive process. By contrast, "[w]e do not play...

...essential aspect of all human culture. For instance, Dutch historian J. Huizinga defined "play" as "free activity standing quite consciously outside...material interest, and no profit can be gained by it" (see J. Huizinga, Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play Element in Culture [Boston: Beacon Press, 1955])....

...a purpose," in which detachment from practical functions is highlighted. Huizinga asserts: "[Play] is an activity connected with no material interest, and no profit can be gained by it" (1955:13). Benveniste suggests that "play in itself has no practical goal; its essence lies in its...

...repercussions for a study of the tournament. He characterises the game as follows: We might call it a free activity standing quite consciously outside...with no material interest and no profit can be gained from it. It proceeds within its own boundaries of time and space according to fixed rules and in an...

...serious' but at the same time absorbing the player intensely and utterly. 1n his often quoted phrase. play 'is an activity connected with no material interest and no profit can be gained by it. 1t proceeds within its own proper boundaries of time and space according to fixed rules and in an orderly...

...should be lived as play. a free activity standing quite consciously outside "ordinary" life as not being serious, but at the same time absorbing the player...material interest, and no profit can be gained by it (p. 13). While no profit may be extracted directly from play, its indirect benefits can yield handsome...

...within which special rules pertain. Play creates order, and is order." Huizinga sums up play as being "a free activity standing quite consciously outside...no material interest, and no profit can be gained from it. It proceeds within its own proper boundaries of time and space according to fixed rules and...

...'ordinary' life as heing 'not serious.' hut at the same time ahsorhing the player intensely and unerly. It is an activity connected with no material interest, and no profit can he gained hy it. It proceeds within its own proper houndaries of time and space according to fixed...

...club), and tends to incorporate many aspects of society at large. Thus, for Huizinga (1955), play is a free activity standing quite consciously outside...with no material interest and no profit can be gained from it. It proceeds within its own proper boundaries of time and space according to fixed rules and...