2. Aerial application of pesticides should not be done adjacent to wetlands or water bodies. 3. Citrus groves in close proximity to water bodies should utilize fertilizers in pelletized, rather than powder form to help prevent their introduction to water areas. 4. In order to prevent depletion and degradation of coastal ground water supplies, citrus groves should not be expanded into areas where irrigation from ground water sources is necessary. 5. Runoff from citrus groves and vegetable fields should be minimized and contained. 6. Use of long-lasting pesticides on citrus groves and vegetable fields should be discouraged. Ranching and Dairying Ranching and dairying activities in or adjacent to Florida's coastal zone have increased dramatically in the last decade and can be expected to increase further in the future. The potential for increased ranching activities is especially good and this activity can be expected to make large expansion into areas that are not suitable for croplands or building purposes. The most significant problem to be dealt with in ranching and dairying, from the standpoint of coastal zone management, is control of pollution caused by runoff from pastures and feed lots. The pollution potential from cattle is roughly 19 times that to be expected from humans. This is primarily in the form of excessive nutrients and bacteria, which can cause closing of shellfish and swimming areas many miles away. Ranching and dairying can make substantial use of many areas classified as "Conservation" in the Coastal Zone Management Atlas, provided that the pollution potential is recognized and appropriate protective measures are taken. Recommendations 1. Pastures should not be planted immediately adjacent to streams, canals, lakes, and other water bodies. A buffer zone of natural vegetation should be left in such areas. 2. Provisions should be made to contain ruoff from feed lots, holding pens or other high concentration areas. Treatment facilities for use of runoff waters as fertilizer for pastures should be considered and utilized if possible. 3. Ranching or dairying activities should not be located in areas that could threaten the quality of Class I or Class II waters. AMENITIES, AESTHETICS AND DESIGN Amenities and aesthetics include almost all characteristics of natural and man-made components of the landscape. (In the coastal zone "landscape" encompasses land, streams, estuaries and bays, offshore waters of the Gulf or Atlantic, and air and sky quality.) While aesthetics refers primarily to scenic or perceived qualities and amenities involve the use of components of the landscape for recreation, recreational access, property enhancement, and other environmental benefits, the two terms are closely allied and should be considered integral for purposes of coastal zone management. From the point of view of environmental quality, amenities and aesthetics can be interpreted to mean qualities that enhance man's esteem of an area. With growing public concern for environmental quality, it can be safely stated that public esteem of the amenities and aesthetics of any particular area of the coastal zone may potentially enhance or downgrade social and economic well-being within the area. A comprehensive assessment of the coastal landscape, its biotic and nonbiotic resources, and the activities which man may arrange among them is a necessary step toward long-term resource management and securing maximum public benefits, many of which are very difficult to quantify in absolute terms. Techniques are now available for making systematic assessment of relative aesthetic values of various components of a given areas' landscape. Also available are techniques for maximizing aesthetic values in the development of an area. Research into this topic indicates that many landscape components of high aesthetic value also have very high ecological value and very low development suitability. Many other aesthetically valuable areas are also well suited to development if proper design techniques are utilized. The often complementary nature of aesthetics and ecological values gives additional support to the concept of trying to maximize the public benefits of development through careful analysis of, and design in accordance with, physical characteristics of the landscape. Recommendations 1. The identification and assessment of aesthetic and amenity values and the formulation of plans for maximizing these values should be a viable part of local planning programs. 2. Maximum efforts should be made to provide, enhance, and preserve scenic views of the water. Vista points should be included in local plans. 3. Proposed shoreland development should be restricted from blocking scenic views unless there is an over-riding public interest. 4. To maximize the attractiveness of shoreland setting for dwellings, development should display principles of good design. Subdivision layouts should be developed in proper relation to existing and other proposed developments, the topography, surface water, vegetative cover, and other natural features. Compatibility of appearance as well as compatibility of use is desirable; this means harmony, not necessarily uniformity. 5. To conserve natural landscape, the cluster development or planned unit development is advantageous. Such development should be used to preserve certain open space, especially along the shoreline, by legal means that will guarantee its remaining open space in perpetuity. 6. All but the smallest waterfront subdivision should be required by local authorities to provide pedestrian access to the water. Such access should be wide enough to permit hedges or other landscaping on both sides, for both privacy and aesthetic appeal. 7. The placing of utilities underground has definite aesthetic benefits and should be encouraged. 8. Secondary or collector road construction through forested areas should preserve as many trees along the right-of-way as possible. 9. Building heights along the waterfront should be restricted to prevent development from creating "concrete barriers" to the waterfront. Construction of condominiums and other high-rise structures should be restricted to areas away from the shoreline. 10. The indiscriminate use of off-premise commercial advertising signs and billboards which create a negative aesthetic effect should be prevented. (Recommendations Subject to Change) SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Barada, William, 1972. Report of investigation of the environmental effects of private waterfront canals: a report to the Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Trust Fund. Winter Park, Fla., Environmental Information Center. Battelle Memorial Institute. Pacific Northwest Laboratories. 1971. Shoreland management guidelines to Grays Harbor Regional Planning Commission. Richland, Wash. 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