having no fear, he told it, I am the bearer of the imperial edicts. Who dares to obstruct my path? Unless you quit your hold you shall have a painful fate.' On this the demon vanished."

The Sexton's Wheel and the Lady Fast: an Ecclesiological Essay. By William H. Sewell, M.A. (Norwich, Goose & Co.)

SOME years ago our old and valued contributor Mr. Sewell described in "N. & Q." certain strange relics of antiquity which remain in the churches of Long Stratton, Norfolk, and in his own church of Yaxley, Suffolk, the explanation of which proved a nut too hard to crack for even such tried ecclesiastical antiquaries as the Rev. H. T. Ellacombe and the late Dr. Husenbeth. Mr. Sewell detected a representation of a like object in one of the cuts of Sebastian Brandt's Ship of Fools, and found out the use of it from Barnaby Googe's Popish Kingdom. He has now brought his evidence together in the form of a paper with illustrations for the Norfolk and Norwich Archæological Society, and deserves the more credit and thanks not only because his explanation of these "wheels" is new, but because the practice with which they were connected has hitherto been overlooked by antiquaries. In this case Barnaby Googe has afforded a satisfactory solution, but he is a writer to be used with caution. Brand and others after him have used the Popish Kingdom as if it afforded a true picture of the English popular superstitions in the sixteenth century; but Googe's doggerel is translated from the Regnum Papisticum of Thomas Kirchmeyer, or Naogeorgus, as he chose to call himself, and that describes the state of things not in England but in Germany. Our ancestors had enough follies of their own to answer for without having those of other people added to the number; and we believe that they were innocent of at least some of the most offensive extravagances laid to the charge of their German contemporaries.

Belcaro: Essays on Sundry Esthetical Questions. By Vernon Lee. (Satchell & Co.) THIS Volume contains some charming essays, and, though elighter in texture and less ambitious of purpose than the Studies of the Eighteenth Century in Italy, possesses much of the fascination of the earlier book. Mr. Lee deals with questions of art, but avoids the worst faults of the aesthetical professors. He displays in a marked degree a vividness of fancy, a wealth of imagery and allusion, and a richness of language, but he does not sink into mere rhapsody or affectation. His style is picturesque, yet robust; rich, but not luscious. He writes, in fact, like a healthy enthusiast, and not like an effeminate mystic. "Faustus and Helena," to single out one of the author's essays, that strange weird story which charmed and yet baffled both Marlowe and Goethe, is an excellent theme for Mr. Lee's imagination and learning. It becomes under his treatment a subtle and suggestive study of the supernatural before and after it was despoiled of its power by civilization.

THE Yorkshire Archeological and Topographical Society has been engaged for some time past in printing in its Journal the poll-tax returns for the West Riding made in 1379. A few copies have been issued in the form of a goodly octavo of upwards of three hundred pages-The Returns for the West Riding of the County of York of the Poll Tax Laid in the Second Year of the Reign of King Richard II. Nothing short of an elaborate analysis, which would be almost as large as the book itself, could bring out all its interesting features. To every student of names it will be simply invaluable. We question, indeed, whether it be not the most important mediaeval document at present in print bearing on

family nomenclature. We sincerely hope that some student who has the proper sort of knowledge and the requisite amount of time on his hands will tabulate this vast mass of facts so as to give us them in a form that can be used at once. Such a book without a key of this kind is still but a hidden treasure.

THE Boston Literary World of March 11 may almost be termed a "Browning number.' It contains & characteristic letter by Mr. F. J. Furnivall, giving an account of the rise and progress of the recently established society, together with a group of papers on Browning as an Interpreter of Browning," "Browning in the United States," " Browning Before and After 1861," &c., which should tend to swell the ranks of the members, already numbering more than one hundred.

THAT special branch of popular antiquities to which the name of folk-lore has been given is obviously increasing in favour, as shown by new and influential accessions to the Folk-lore Society presided over by Earl Beauchamp, and by the establishment of a similar society at Seville, El Folk-lore Andaluz. The first part of its Proceedings, which has just been published under the editorship of Dr. Machado, we commend to the attention of such of our readers as take an interest in Spanish literature.

UNDER the direction of the Master of the Rolls there will shortly be issued Vol. VI., 1534, of Calendar of Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, of the Reign of Henry VIII., edited by Mr. James Gairdner; and Vol. I. of the Chronicles of the Reigns of Edward I. and II., edited by Canon Stubbs.

MR. CHARLES HUTT, of Clement's Inn Gateway, has just issued a remarkably interesting catalogue; it contains the titles of books from the library of Mrs. Eliza Louisa Emmerson, authoress, and friend of John Clare, nearly all of which were presented by the late Admiral Lord Radstock; they are rendered specially interesting by copious MS. memoranda on the fly-leaves in Lord Radstock's handwriting.

MESSRS. CASSELL & Co. are issuing in parts their Bible Educator and Book of Sports and Pastimes; they are to be completed, respectively, in about twenty-four and fifteen parts.

Notices to Correspondents.

A. F. (Edinburgh).-We shall be glad to send on the letter if you will give the correct reference to "N. & Q." You do not mention the number of the Series.

THOS. RIDLEY.-"Humanum est nescire et errare forms part of the inscription on the monument of John Sheffield, Duke of Buckinghamshire, in Westminster Abbey. Pope's line runs :

"To err is human, to forgive divine."

C. P. IBBETSON.-The line in question is written on the wall at the entrance to the Chapter House of York Minster, and it is stated to have been scribbled there originally by some monk on his first sight of the building.

N. B. GUNNY AND OTHER CORRESPONDENTS ("Pouring oil," &c.).-See "N. & Q.," 6th S. iii. 69, 252, 298; iv. 174.

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