of the stroke in the movement of the wing. The movement of the wing itself is recorded by an arrangement with an electric current, wires being connected with small instrument carried on the bird's back. The impulse upwards or forwards is also recorded by means of an elastic bag containing air, on the surface of which lies a piece of lead when a sudden movement occurs at right angles to the plane of the lead plate, it compresses the air in the bag by its inertia, and this movement is recorded by means of a tube, another bag and a lever, as in the cardiograph. Peregrinations of Cells in the Living Body.-The study of living tissues to which Cohnheim's views on inflammation (viz. that there is no multiplication of the cells of connective tissue, but that pus cells are extravasated white blood corpuscles) have given rise, progresses very rapidly in Germany under the hands of Von Recklinghausen of Wurzburg, of Stricker of Vienna, of Rollet of Gratz, and their pupils. It appears certain now that both white and red blood corpuscles do freely pass through the capillary walls in inflammation; but it is equally certain, from the admirable researches of Stricker, that cells multiply in inflammation which are not white blood cells, such as the stellate cells of the cornea, the corneal epithelium, the connective-tissue cells of the tongue, and others which Stricker has seen under his eyes commence and finish the act of division. Among the most remarkable results recently obtained from this study of living cells is the observation of Saviotti, that cells pass into the capillaries and small veins as well as out of them. He has seen this frequently occur with the pigment cells of the frog's web, when inflammation was set up by dilute sulphuric acid, and the fact was recently witnessed also in the laboratory of Professor Stricker, of Vienna. The pigment-cells deliberately advance to the capillary wall, and passing through it are carried along in the circulation. These facts as to living cells are so remarkable that some have been inclined to suppose there is optical illusion. They are, however, now placed beyond doubt by repeated observation. Movements of cells in the tissues may now be demonstrated in many parts as well as the cornea, in the frog's egg of the second day, in the brain, in the foetal liver, in the skin (migrated cells of Besiadecki); and hence Kölliker's supposition that all cells at one time or other can exhibit active movement is likely to be established. Recklinghausen has kept an excised frog's cornea alive for six weeks by supplying it with fresh serum and attending to cleanliness; a wonderful proof of independent vitality. Physiology in Trinity College, Cambridge.-Trinity has lately proved her claim to stand alone and at the head of the colleges in Cambridge by the establishment of a prælectorship in pure physiology, to which that able teacher, Dr. Michael Foster, of University College, London, and Fullerian Professor in the Royal Institution, has been called. It is a peculiar source of gratification to Dr. Foster's friends that he is able to accept this chair, since at the beginning of the year family bereavements and the threatening of serious illness held out but a gloomy prospect for future work. Dr. Foster is now in good health and will enter on his duties at Cambridge in October. When we remember that on former occasions as well as quite recently, Trinity has expressed her willingness to make some of her collegiate property available for the endowment of Professorships in the University in natural sciences, and that her generous intentions have been baulked by the ignorant parsimony of certain of the smaller colleges, we cannot but congratulate her upon having taken this step. It goes far to confirm the enumeration of Universities once given by a Trinity man, viz. "Dublin, Oxford, Cambridge, and Trinity College." We hope the college will provide Dr. Foster with a large laboratory. Laboratories in Amsterdam and London.-Professor Kuhne has recently delivered an admirable discourse on the importance of physiological research on the occasion of the opening of the grand physiological laboratory which the city of Amsterdam has built for him. This laboratory and that of Professor Ludwig at Leipzig are the most perfect in Europe, though there are many others coming near to them. Ludwig's laboratory is as extensive as the whole of the Cambridge and Oxford laboratories taken together. There is not even one physiological laboratory in England, though we may hope to see one, at University College, as a memorial to Dr. Sharpey. King's College recently refused to build one, though Dr. Beale offered to assist in the expense in a most generous way. A strong attempt is being made to get something in the form of a laboratory put up at the public expense through the Privy Council. Let us be thankful for any such movement. Quarterly List of Publications received for Review.* 1. Rescarches on Diamagnetism and Magne-crystallic Action; including the question of Diamagnetic Polarity. By John Tyndall, LL.D., F.R.S., &c. Longmans, Green, & Co. 2. Notes of a Course of Nine Lectures on Light, delivered at the Royal Institution of Great Britain. By John Tyndall, LL.D., F.R.S. Longmans, Green, & Co. 3. Other Worlds than Ours: the Plurality of Worlds studied under the light of recent scientific researches. With Illustrations. By Richard A. Proctor, F.R.A.S. Longmans, Green, & Co. 4. Alpine Flowers for English Gardens. By Wm. Robinson, F.L.S. With Illustrations. John Murray. 5. Forms of Animal Life, being Outlines of Zoological Classification based upon Anatomical Investigation, and Illustrated by Descriptions of Specimens and of Figures. By George Rolleston, D.M., F.R.S., &c. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 6. Strong Drink and Tobacco Smoke: the Structure, Growth, and Uses of Malt, Hops, Yeast, and Tobacco. With 167 original Illustrations, drawn and engraved on Steel. By Henry P. Prescott, F.L.S. Macmillan & Co. 7. A Handbook of Phrenology. By C. Donovan, Ph.D., &c. With Illustrations. Longmans, Green, & Co. 8. Contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection. A Series of Essays by Alfred Russel Wallace, F.R.G.S., &c. Macmillan & Co. 9. The Ornithosauria: an Elementary Study of the Bones of Pterodactyles, made from Fossil Remains found in the Cambridge Upper Greensand. By Harry Govier Seeley. With 12 Plates. Cambridge: Deighton, Bell, & Co. London: Bell & Daldy. 10. A Manual of Zoology for the Use of Students; with a General Introduction to the Principles of Zoology. By Henry Alleyne Nicholson, M.D., D.Sc., &c. Vol. I.: Invertebrate Animals. R. Hardwicke. 11. L'Uomo e la Natura. Ossia la Superficie terrestre Modificata per Opera dell Uomo. Di Giorgio P. Marsh. Firenze: G. Barbera. * We cannot undertake to acknowledge books and pamphlets on purely theological subjects, nor such as concern betting transactions. 12. Burton-on-Trent; its History, its Water, and its Breweries. By William Molyneux, F.A.S. Trübner & Co. 13. The Fuel of the Sun. By W. Matthieu Williams, F.C.S. Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. 14. Burton and its Bitter Beer. By J. S. Bushnan, M.D. William S. Orr & Co. 15. A Star Atlas for the Library, the School, and the Observatory, &c. With Two Index Plates with Coloured Constellation Figures. Drawn by Richard A. Proctor, B.A., F.R.A.S., &c., &c. Longmans & Co. 16. On the Manufacture of Beet-root Sugar in England and Ireland. By William Crookes, F.R.S., &c. Longmans & Co. PAMPHLETS AND PERIODICALS. On the Thermal Resistance of Liquids. By Fredk. Guthrie. Records of the Geological Survey of India. Notes of Fifteen Lectures (to Women) on Physics. Delivered by Professor Guthrie at South Kensington Museum. Descriptive Catalogue of One Hundred Microscopic Objects. Exhibited at the Royal Microscopical Society by C. Stewart, F.L.S. Notes on Diatomaceæ. By Professor A. M. Edwards. (Boston, U.S.A., Natural History Society.) Report presented to the Minister for Agriculture, &c., respecting the Vaccinations performed in France in 1865 and 1867. Translated by George S. Gibbs. Report on the Present State and Condition of Pre-historic Remains in the Channel Islands. By Lieut. S. P. Oliver, R.A., &c. What Shall we Teach? or, Physiology in Schools. By Edwin Lankester, M.D., F.R.S. Groombridge & Sons. Biographical Sketch of the late Fredk. Penny, Ph.D., &c., Glasgow. By James Adam, M.D. The Currency Question. By Rigby Wason. Report on the Agriculture of Belgium. By Dr. Augustus Voelcker and H. M. Jenkins, F.G.S. (Reporter). An Irish Farmer on the Land Difficulty. By J. E. Scriven. On the Relative Safety of the Different Methods of Working Coal. By Mr. George Fowler. Stanford's Geological Map of London. A Guide to the Study of Insects. By A. S. Packard, jun., M.D. Salem, Mass. London: Trübner & Co. Notes on a Trip to the Nicobar and Andaman Islands. By V. Ball. (Bengal Asiatic Society.) Life and the Equivalence of Force. By J. Drysdale, M.D. London: Turner, 77, Fleet Street. Liverpool: Holden. Announcement of the Forthcoming Series of Annual International Montreal: Dawson Bros. Trübner. The Canadian Naturalist, and Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Montreal. Revue Bibliographique Universelle. The Food Journal. The Popular Science Review. Scientific Opinion. Johns & Sons, Castle Court, Holborn. R. Hardwicke. 75, Great Queen Street, London. The Westminster Review. Fraser's Magazine. Longmans' Notes on Books. Williams and Norgate's Foreign Book Circular. Trübner. Longmans. PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES, &c. Öfversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar. Stockholm: Norstedt & Söner. The Thirty-seventh Annual Report of the Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society. 1869. Proceedings and Transactions of the Nova Scotian Institute of Halifax, Nova Scotia. London: Reeves & Turner, 196, Strand. First Annual Report of the American Museum of Natural History. New York. The Journal of the Historical and Archæological Association of Proceedings of the Bath Natural History Society and Antiquarian Bath: Chronicle Office. |