them about a mile and a half till the woods screened the dastardly refugees, which enabled us to accomplish the object of the enterprise without molestation. Thus without loss were the Yankees disappointed, as in many similar attempts, of launching into eternity a British man-of-war and her crew. A mode of warfare practised by no other nation, as cowardly as it is detestable." Diagrams showing the construction of different parts of the boat are afterwards given. MARY E. NOBLE. TICKLING TROUT (9th S. xii. 505; 10th S. i. 154, 274). When I was a boy in Herefordshire I often saw a tailor from a neighbouring village wading up the river up to his armpits and feeling under the banks. I have seen him throw out many a big trout, one after the other, on to the bank. This was called tickling trout. E. M. BARBERS (10th S. i. 290).—William Falconer, the poet and author of The Shipwreck,' was the son of an Edinburgh barber. There is an account of Jacques Jasmin, the barber poet of Languedoc, in Eliza Cook's Journal for 15 March, 1851. The father of Jeremy Taylor was a barber in Cambridge. Lords Tenterden and St. Leonards were both sons of barbers. J. H. MACMICHAEL. SCOTCH WORDS AND ENGLISH COMMENTATORS (10th S. i. 261, 321).—It seems to me that Burns, in The bum-clock hummed wi' lazy drone, The kye stood rowtin' i' the loan, drew his inspiration chiefly from the beginning of Gray's Elegy'; but Gray and Collins remembered the passage in 'Macbeth'; and Gray has expressed himself as though he had the ode of Collins in his mind : The lowing herd winds slowly o'er the lea, Now fades the glimmering landscape on the sight, Gray. ness,' representing Foker on a balcony overlooking the river, engaged in conversation with Blanche Amory? Foker, it is said, "had some delicious opportunities of conversation with her during the repast, and afterwards on the balcony of their room at the hotel " (chap. ii.). JOHN PICKFORD, M.A. Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge. LOUIS XVII. (10th S. i. 267).—The deeply calculated barbarity that caused the lingering death of this hapless prince is minutely described by Thiers in his History of the French Revolution.' With regard to MADAME BARBEY-BOISSIER'S firm belief in "the survival of Louis XVII., son of Louis XVI., after his feigned death in the prison of the Temple on 8 June, 1795," I venture to think that the following note by Mr. Holland Rose, at vol. iii. p. 358 of his edition of Carlyle's 'French Revolution,' will interest her : "The royalist reaction was further checked by the death of the little Louis XVII. (8 June, 1795) mittee of General Security kept him of set purpose. owing to the filth and darkness in which the ComThis was a blow to the royalists, who cared little for the next claimant to the throne, the Comte de Provence. The stories of the rescue of Louis XVII. and substitution of an idiot boy are very far-fetched. For that theory see Louis Blanc, 'La Rév. Fr.,' vol. xii. chap. ii.; also several perversely ingenious monographs. The italics are mine. HENRY GERALD HOPE. 119, Elms Road, Clapham, S. W. BATTLEFIELD SAYINGS (10th S. i. 268).-It was on the day of the fatal battle of Pavia that Francis I. wrote his mother a letter containing the oft-quoted words, "All is lost, madam, save honour." "Let posterity cheer for us is attributed to Washington, when some of the American troops cheered as the sword of Cornwallis was given by General O'Hara, at the surrender of Yorktown, 19 October, 1781, to the American commanderin-chief. The story has, however, been doubted. Several other such dicta will be found in S. A. Bent's 'Short Sayings of Great Men,' 1882. J. H. MACMICHAEL. 6 JAMES BRINDLEY (10th S. i. 310).-The editorial foot-note is partly incorrect. My copy of Lives of the Engineers,' by Dr. Smiles, is the "sixth thousand," published by With short, shrill shriek, flits by on leathern wing; Murray in 1862, and on p. 308 it is stated Now air is hushed, save where the weak-eyed bat Or where the beetle winds His small but sullen horn. Collins. E. YARDLEY. THE "SHIP" HOTEL AT GREENWICH (9th S. xii. 306, 375, 415, 431; 10th S. i. 111).-Is not this preserved in an engraving in 'Pendennis,' vol. ii. p. 26, entitled 'Almost Perfect Happi that James Brindley first saw the light in a humble cottage standing about midway between the hamlet of Great Rocks and that of Tunstead, in the liberty of Thornsett, some three miles to the north-east of Buxton. The house in which he was born, in 1716, has long since fallen to ruins, the Brindley family having been its last occupants. The walls stood long after the roof had fallen in, and at length the materials were removed to build cowhouses; but in the middle of the ruin there grew up a young ash tree, forcing up one of the flags of the cottage floor. It looked so healthy and thriving a plant that the labourer employed to remove the stones for the purpose of forming the pathway to the neighbouring farmhouse spared the seedling, and it grew up to a large and flourishing tree, 6 ft. 9 in. in girth, standing in the middle of the croft, and now known as "Brindley's Tree." This ash tree is nature's own memorial of the birthplace of the engineer, and it is the only one yet raised to the genius of Brindley. There is no actual illustration of Brindley's birthplace, but in the afore-mentioned work is an engraving of this tree and a contiguous house, which is still called "Brindley's Croft." On p. 467 will be found an illustration of 'Brindley's House at Turnhurst.' It was formerly the residence of the Bellot family, and is said to have been the last house in England in which a family fool was kept. On p. 470 it is stated: "After an illness of some duration, he expired at his house at Turnhurst on 27 September, 1772, in the fifty-sixth year of his age, and was interred in the burying-ground at New Chapel, a few fields distant from his dwelling." A view of 'Brindley's Burial-place at New Chapel' is on p. 476. One of my proudest possessions is an oil painting of this burial-place and the church of St. James the Less at Newchapel (also depicted on p. 476), for of this church my grandfather (see 9th S. xii. 493), the Rev. T. Forshaw, was vicar for thirty-five years, and many a time, when I was a child, the dear old gentleman pointed out Brindley's grave to me. Brindley's house at Turnhurst was residentially occupied by my grandfather and family before the erection of the vicarage of Newchapel, which was built by my ancestor in 1845, on land given by Mr. Lawton, of Prestbury Hall, Cheshire. CHAS. F. FORSHAW, LL.D. Baltimore House, Bradford. James Brindley was born in the year 1716, at a cottage between the hamlet of Great Rocks and that of Tunstead, in the liberty of Thornsett, some three miles to the north-east of Buxton. He died at his house at Turnhurst, 27 September, 1772, and was buried in the ground of New Chapel, a few fields distant from his dwelling. These particulars are taken from Smiles's 'Lives of the Engineers,' ed. 1874. The same information is given in a 'Dictionary of See John Gorton's 'Biog. Dict.,' 1828; Brindley died at Turnhurst, Staffordshire, 1772. See 'Chambers's 30 September, Encyclopædia,' 1888, vol. ii. pp. 455–6. W. H. PEET. [MR. C. S. WARD gives the date of death as 27 or 30 September, with a reference to the Penny Cyclopædia' and Hole's ' Brief Biog. Diet.' Numerous other replies acknowledged.] NELSON AND WOLSEY (10th S. i. 308).—The sarcophagus in which the remains of Nelson lie can hardly be called a second-hand one, seeing that, although it was intended for the corpse of the magnificent cardinal, and by his means designed by Torrigiano, it was never occupied until 1806. From c. 1525 until Nelson's day the cist in question stood empty in Wolsey's Chapel, so called, at Windsor. a 0. The tomb-house east of St. George's Chapel but he afterwards deserted Windsor for was built by Henry VII. for his own remains, Westminster; and Henry VIII. granted his father's first mausoleum to Cardinal Wolsey, who began his own tomb within it, employing Florentine sculptor on brazen columns and for 600l. as defaced brass. James II. conbrazen candlesticks, which were sold in 1646 verted the tomb-house into a Romish chapel, which was defaced by a Protestant rabble. In 1742 it was appropriated as a free schoolhouse. Finally George III. converted it into and it has since been vaulted in stone and a tomb-house for himself and his descendants, much decorated as a sepulchral chapel in memory of Prince Albert. In the very centre of the crypt of St. Paul's Cathedral the corpse of Nelson lies underneath a splendid black-and-white sarcophagus of the sixteenth century. This work of art, upon which Benedetto da Rovanza and his masons spent much labour, was intended by Wolsey for his own monument, but was confiscated with the rest of his goods. His Ipswich foundation was entirely suppressed, but Christ Church, Oxford, as the creation of his cruel master, has come down to us, an imperfect realization of the Cardinal's great aim, while to this day no man knows the exact spot where the Abbot of Leicester and his monks buried the great Tudor statesman. A. R. BAYLEY. "THERE WAS A MAN" (10th S. i. 227).—In West Yorkshire, some years ago, the complete rime was as follows, though the first line was sometimes ended "he lived in Leeds," and "seeds" took the place of "seed" in the second line : There was a man, a man indeed, 'Twas time for me to die indeed. The harrowing narrative was supposed to have some useful moral for children, but I do not know the moral intended. ST. MEWBRED (10th S. i. 288).-The legends concerning St. Mewbred appear to be very confused. The Rev. S. Baring-Gould has stated in a letter to me: "There is a Mobart in Brittany; and St. Mobred, or Mobart, occurs in the Cartularies of Landevennec. The name also occurs in Nennius, in his genealogy of Vortigern; so that Mobratt, or Mobart, would seem to have been a Celtic name not uncommon." The following statement is taken from some notes by the same writer : "According to William of Worcester, Mybard was a son of a King of Ireland and was also named Colrog. He settled at Cardinham (in Cornwall) as a hermit, where he was murdered. His companions were Mannach, or Mancus, and Wyllow. In the Cartulary of Landevennec, in Brittany, he occurs as Sanctus Morbretus, who made over his settlement at Lanrivoare to St. Winwaloe, and the date of the forged deed is 31 March, 955. Either he was contemporary with Winwaloe and the date is wrong, or else he was a different person, who gave his land to the abbey at this later period. In the diocese of Quimper, at Ploumodiern, is a hamlet, with chapel, called Loc-Mybrit; and the saint is said by tradition to have for a while led a hermit's life there; but this is the Mybard who was a disciple of St. Winwaloe. Meubred is represented in one of the old windows of St. Neot's Church, Cornwall, wearing a brass cap, or yellow cap, on his head: in his CARSON (9th S. xi. 488; xii. 19, 110, 331, 377; 10th S. i. 52).-John Carson, late of Taff's Well, Cardiff, was L.R.C.P.I., L.R.C.S.I., and L.M. 1868. Alexander Tertius Carson, late of Toronto, Canada, was M.D. Edin. 1862, M.R.C.S.Eng. 1861, L.M. 1863, L.A.H.Dub. 1862, M.C.P.S.Ontario, 1862. William Carson began his medical career in Birmingham in the latter part of the "seventies." He afterwards went out to Newfoundland, where, apart from being a distinguished doctor, he became the parent of agriculture" in the colony, and the founder of the constitutional government of the island. His son Samuel Carson was also a well-known figure in St John's as a medical practitioner, and at the time of the cholera outbreak there saved many lives by his devotion and unwearied efforts to stamp out the scourge, which so undermined his constitution that he died in the prime of life. Another notable Carson was James, brother to the first-mentioned William. He was also a doctor of medicine (of what university?), and was spoken of as one of the most eminent physicians of the day. He practised in Liverpool. An account of William and Samuel Carson will be found in Judge Prowse's 'History of Newfoundland.. In Lucerne is the tomb of the Rev. H. W Carson, B.D., died 1 September, 1895. CHAS. F. FORSHAW, LL.D. PRINTS AND ENGRAVINGS (10th S. i. 268).— The desired information would, no doubt, be found in some of the following works: Eighteenth-Century Colour Prints,' by Mrs. Frankau; 'Fine Prints,' by Frederick Wedmore (a book for collectors and dealers in the engravings of Ostade, Claude, Vandyke, and Hollar; the etchings of Rembrandt, Whistler, and Haden; mezzotints, lithographs, and prints woodcuts; Turner and French eighteenth century prints; Italian line engravings; Dürer and the Little Masters; and the later French and English etchers); Engraving, with a Collection of Marks and 'Engravers' Marks: a History of the Art of Cyphers by which the Prints of the best Engravers are Distinguished,' 1747; 'Reminis cences of Stothard': 'Masters of Wood Engraving, by W. J. Linton and Engraving: its Origin, Processes, and History, by Vicomte Henri Delaborde, translated by R. A. M. Stevenson, with an additional chapter on English engraving by William Walker, illustrated (this is a volume of the "Fine-Art Library," edited by John C. L. Sparkes). See also 'Line Engraving,' in Country Life, 30 September, 1899; Arundel Prints,' in the Queen, 10 October, 1903; 'Bartolozzi and his Engravings,' in the Queen, 14 December, 1901; Wood Engraving, Historical and Practical,' by Chatto and Jackson; 'Practical Manual of Wood Engraving,' by W. N. Brown, with brief historical introduction (good on technique); A. F. Didot's Essai sur la Gravure sur Bois' (advanced criticism, historical and critical, and contains list of artists and bibliography); and 'Le Peintre Graveur,' by J. D. Passavant, 6 vols. (advanced criticism). · J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. BATROME (10th S. i. 88, 173, 252, 338).-I was aware that we owed our knowledge of 'Barthram's Dirge' to Surtees; but Scott expressly states that "it was taken down by Mr. Surtees from the recitation of Anne Douglas, an old woman who weeded in his garden.' Is Surtees held to have enacted the role of Macpherson and Chatterton ? to be familiar. The writings of Ascham, Lodge, Webbe, Puttenham, and others are part of his Harvey-unless he owns the Huth Library reprints literary equipment. With those of Nash and Gabriel of Grosart, not common as a private possession, and not readily accessible except in important libraries he has less chance of being familiar. Prof. Arber has, however, brought within general ken many works until recently of the greatest rarity, pursued with moderate comfort. and a fascinating branch of study may now be To have within handy reach a series of works such as Mr. Smith gives us is a matter for devout thanksgiving. For the first time, moreover, the majority of them are issued with notes and illustrative comment, and the whole is supplied with a full index, which trebles its value. Our sense of obligation does not stop even here. Mr. Smith's introduction is ample and illuminatory. For a century past the value of Elizabethan criticism has won recognition. Haslewood's reprint of Ancient Critical Essays upon commendable products of a time rich in such boons English Poets and Poesy' was one of the most to the student, and it is pleasant to find this work of a respectable antiquary greeted as it deserves by his successor. Comparative criticism has made remarkable progress, and the collective value of the works reprinted-works which seem at times strangely out of keeping with the poetic and dramatic products of the age-is, perhaps, for the first time evident. Fresh interest is given to the controversial aspect of the writings-and few of them but took their rise in controversy-from the fact that they originated in that attack by the Puritans upon English poetry and plays which manfests itself in so many different ways in the England of Elizabeth and her successors. Attacks such as Gosson's School of Abuse,' Northbrooke's "Treatise,' and the like, are not included in the the notes to Lodge and other of those who volumes, though passages from them are printed in essayed to answer them. Puritan teaching is, however, fully illustrated in the works of Ascham and others. In addition to his well-known arraignment of the 'Morte Arthur' Ascham has long tirades against the Italian translations which were then in fashion: "Ten ermons at Paules Crosse do not so moch good for mouyng men and trewe doctrine as one of those bookes do harme with inticing men to ill liuing." As regards the indebtedness to Italian and French sources, to the word has been said. We fancy we can trace obligalatter especially, we are not sure that the last tions in Puttenham to others besides Du Bellay and Ronsard, but have not time to prosecute an investigation. Mr. Smith, however, shows familiarity with many French works little known and not easily accessible, and it is not likely that less thoroughness should be displayed in this than in other parts of his work. The term Elizabethan is used in the strictest sense, to the exclusion of some early works, such as Richard Sherry's "Treatise of the Figures of Grammer and Rhetorique,' IT will perhaps be disappointing to Mr. Smith and Fulwood's Enimie of Idlenesse,' the banishwhen we say that the primary appeal of his edition ment of which few will regret. By ending, moreof Elizabethan Critical Essays is to our sense of over, with Elizabeth's death year, the critical work convenience. It is very pleasant to have within of Ben Jonson and Bacon is omitted. The milieu of two thick, but well-printed, legible, and handsome these is held to be Jacobean, and it is said that volumes works the search after which in other their works, with others that are named, will supply forms would be long, and in some cases, perhaps, materials for another volume. All the writings in unremunerative. With most of the works now the body of the work are in prose. Hence Daniel's reprinted the student of Tudor literature is bound | delightful poem 'Musophilus,' in its line altogether HELGA. ADMIRAL DONALD CAMPBELL (10th S. i. 309). MR. ALAISTER MACGILLEAN will find a detailed account of this officer in 'Life of Admiral Lord Nelson,' by J. S. Clarke and J. McArthur, 2 vols. 1809 (British Museum Library, 1858 e). He is not to be confused with the Rear-Admiral Donald Campbell (1752-1819), also connected with Islay, who died on his flagship, H.M.S. Salisbury, during his command on the Leeward Islands Station, and who is buried in the garrison chapel at Portsmouth. LIONEL A. V. SCHANK. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. unequalled, is excluded in common with other works. These two volumes will be welcome to scholars, and will probably serve a useful purpose in tuition. Old West Surrey: Some Notes and Memories. By Gertrude Jekyll. (Longmans & Co.) THE part of Surrey with which in her attractive volume Miss Jekyll deals is that south-western corner abutting on Hampshire and Sussex, and including all the lovely country between Guildford and Godalming. Of scenes and nooks in this favoured spot, of many-gabled cottages, mills, wells, gates, pumps, and the like, of men in smock-frocks and women in sun-bonnets, she gives innumerable well-executed photographs. Then follow views of farm implements, the furniture and paraphernalia of the house, and of implements common enough in the first half of the nineteenth century, but now accepted as antiquities. Here are tinder-boxes, warming pans, smoothing-irons, butter-prints, rush: light holders, snuffers, pattens, pocket lanterns, and all sorts of familiar or unfamiliar objects to be found in the cottage, down even to clay pipes. Rustic crockery and ornaments, samplers, and the like abound, and there are grimmer souvenirs of the life of our ancestors in the shape of man-traps and spring guns. These things are varied by pictures of cottage gardens and hedgerows, the illustrations being no fewer than 330. To the antiquary a book which preserves the memory of things now difficult of access is delightful in all respects." Book-plates. By Edward Almack, F.S.A. (Methuen & Co.) To the Methuen series of "Little Books on Art," Mr. Almack has contributed a useful, popular, and wellillustrated treatise on book-plates. It has forty two illustrations, an ecclesiastical book-plate it presents being probably the oldest in existence. It serves as a frontispiece to the volume. Many familiar and some modern plates are given, and there is a chapter on American plates. Aids to Reflection, and Confessions of an Inquiring Spirit. By Samuel Taylor Coleridge. (Bell & Sons.) THIS cheap, handsome, and legible reprint will do much to diffuse a knowledge of Coleridge's most prized contributions to religious philosophy. With the works mentioned are also given Coleridge's Essay on Faith' and Notes on the Book of Common Prayer.' Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. New Series, Vol. XVII. (Offices of the Society.) ALL the articles in this volume are of substantial value. If we do not accept every statement or deduction, they supply thoughts, and direct the reader to other sources of knowledge, which will assuredly extend the vision of those to whom the study of history is not a labour undertaken for purposes of mere utility. Miss R. Graham's paper on 'The Intellectual Influence of the English Monasteries between the Tenth and the Twelfth Centuries' is valuable as throwing light on a complex subject, of which many people are content to be as uninformed as their forefathers were at a time when religious controversy furnished excuses which the present times do not. Dr. Firth is a hard worker. Nothing he has hitherto published furnishes stronger evidence of his plodding industry than his 'Royalist and Cromwellian Armies in Flanders, 1657-62.' The subject has never been worked out in detail before. Future biographers and historians will find the details he gives of immense advantage to them, not only on account of the direct instruction imparted, but also because their attention cannot fail to be directed to fresh avenues of knowledge. Mr. Alexander Savine's Bondmen under the Tudors' is excellent work, but we cannot unhesitatingly accept all his conclusions. He has not been able to solve the very difficult question as to when villenage died out, or when merchet fines for marrying out of the manor came to an end. He quotes a heavy one-five shillings-inflicted on a woman of Scotter, in Lincolnshire, on this account, and refers to some others of later date; but in these subsequent cases the fine was less, only two shillings. So far as Mr. Savine's researches go (and they are. confirmed by our own), it would seem that these fines had come to an end before the accession of James I., but we cannot be sure. We have seen a conveyance of property whereon there were coalpits, dated late in this king's reign, by which the miners were conveyed with the estate; but a question arises here. The extreme conservatism of the legal profession is of long standing. Can we therefore be sure that the words were anything more than a mere transcript from an earlier document? The Right Rev. Dr. Gasquet furnishes a most useful account of the Premonstratensian Order in England, which every one should master who is interested in our medieval religious history, or in any one of the ancient houses of this once distinguished order. Mr. R. J. Whitwell's paper on the relations. between Italian bankers and the English Crown contains a tabulated list of advances of money made to the Court of Rome in the early years of the thirteenth century. We see no reason for thinking it exhaustive; but even as it stands, it goes far towards explaining the sensitiveness of many Englishmen to the continued export of money to the Papal Court. THE English Historical Review for the current quarter contains an article by Mrs. Armstrong, supporting by a detailed examination of sites the theory of Norman castles associated with the name of Mr. J. H. Round. Mr. Firth continues his valuable examination of the sources of Clarendon's 'History.' Prof. Vinogradoff writes a note on 'Sulong and Hide.' The reviews are rather briefer than is usual. The first of any length is one by Mr. Figgis on Mr. Carlyle's 'Political Theories of the Middle Age'-an interesting subject. Mr. J. A. Doyle criticizes with severity, but justice, the presentment of the American War of Independence by Sir George Trevelyan. Some noteworthy books on Napoleon are noticed. · THE Leaf of Olive' is the mystical title of a subtly metaphysical article which M. Maeterlinck contributes to the Fortnightly. Its gist is the basis of morality when that of religion is removed. Many startling paradoxes are maintained. Here is one which may be regarded as representative: "We should be better, nobler, more moral, in the midst of a universe proved to be without morality, but conceived on an infinite scale, than in a universe. which attained the perfection of the human ideal, but which appeared to us circumscribed and devoid |