of the institution. It is under the superintendence of a lieutenant-governor, aided by professors in the various. branches of study. The rules and regulations for its government are equally valid and binding as those relating to the Civil College. Colleges and seminaries abroad to be subject to the control of the Board. LAWS. Colleges and Seminaries in INDIA. (1) And be it further enacted, that the Board of Commissioners for the Affairs of India, by force and virtue of this act, shall have and be invested with full power and authority to superintend, direct, and control all orders and instructions whatsoever which in anywise relate to or concern any rules, regulations, or establishments whatsoever of the several colleges established by the said Company at Calcutta or Fort St. George, or of any seminaries which may be established under the authority of any of the governments of the said Company, in the same manner, to all intents and purposes, and under and subject to all such and the like regulations and provisions, as if such orders and instructions immediately related to and concerned the government and revenues of the said territorial acquisitions in the East-Indies. Provision for (2) And be it further enacted, that it shall be lawschools, public ful for the Governor-General in Council to direct, that lectures, or other literary institu- out of any surplus which may remain of the rents, tions for the be- revenues, and profits arising from the said territorial tives, to be regu- acquisitions, after defraying the expenses of the mililated by Gover- tary, civil and commercial establishments, and paying nor-General in the interest of the debt, in manner hereinafter provided, Council, subject nefit of the na year to control of the a sum of not less than one lac of rupees in each fices therein to be provement of literature, and the encouragement of the Colleges LAWS. 1813. 53 Geo. 3, c. 155, $ 44. § 45. Colleges and Military Seminaries in ENGLAND. Board, to make rules and regu same. Directors lations for the may make repre sentations respecting alterations or additions (3) And whereas the said United Company have College and Milately established in England a college for the appro- litary Seminary in England to priate education of young men designed for their civil be continued; service in India, and also a military seminary for the and the Direc appropriate education of young men designed for their tors, with the approbation of the military service in India: and whereas it is expedient that the said college and military seminary should be further continued and maintained, and that proper rules and regulations should be constituted and established by authority of law, for the good government of the said college and military seminary respectively; be it therefore enacted, that the said college and mili- by the Board. tary seminary shall be continued and maintained by the said United Company during the further term hereby granted to the said Company; and that it shall and may be lawful for the said Court of Directors, and they are hereby required forthwith after the passing of this act, to frame such rules and regulations for the good government of the said college and military seminary respectively as in their judgment shall appear best adapted to the purposes aforesaid, and to lay the same before the Board of Commissioners for the Affairs of India, for their revisal and approbation; who shall thereupon proceed to consider the same, and shall and may make such alterations therein and additions thereto as they shall think fit; nevertheless, all such rules and regulations shall and may be subject to such future revision and alteration by the said Court of Directors, with the approbation of the said Board, as circumstances may from time to time require in that behalf; and all such rules and regulations, so framed, approved, revised or altered, shall be deemed and taken to be good and valid in law, and shall be binding and effectual upon all persons and in all matters belonging or relating to the said college and military seminary respectively, any law, charter, or other matter or thing to the contrary notwithstanding: provided always, that nothing herein contained shall prevent the said Court of Directors from making such representation, with respect to any alterations in or additions to such rules and regulations which may be made by the said Board of Commissioners, as the said Court of Directors shall at any time think fit. (4) And be it further enacted, that from and after the passing of this act, it shall and may be lawful for the Lord Bishop of London for the time being to have and exercise, and he is hereby authorized and empowered to have and exercise such visitatorial power and jurisdiction over all such persons, matters and things, belonging or relating to the said college, and in such manner as shall be appointed and established by the said rules and regulations of the said college in that behalf, any matter or thing whatsoever to the contrary notwithstanding. Bishop of Lon. don to exercise visitatorial juris diction. (5) And Establishment 1813. 53 Geo. 3, (5) And be it further enacted, that no order for LAWS. of officers in the the establishment of any office, or the appointment of college and military seminary any person to fill the situation of principal at the said to be subject to college, or head-master of the military seminary, the control of the shall be valid or effectual, until the same shall have been approved by the said Board of Commissioners for Board. the Affairs of India. (6) And whereas, for the due performance of the Principal and professors ex- public duties of religion at the said college, as well empted from pa as for the maintenance of sound learning and religious rochial residence. education, it is expedient that the principal and some of the professors of the said college should be clergymen of the Established Church; and whereas it may be expected, that among clergymen best qualified for such situations, from their character and attainments, some may be possessed of benefices in the church, be it enacted, that every spiritual person holding the situation of principal or professor of the said college, and actually performing the duties of the same, shall be and he is hereby exempted from residence on any benefice of which he may be possessed, in the same manner as the spiritual persons specified in an act passed in the forty-third year of his present Majesty's reign, intituled, "An Act to amend the Laws relating to Spiritual Persons holding of Farms, and for enforcing the Residence of Spiritual Persons on their Benefices in England," are by the said act exempted from residence on their respective benefices; any act, matter, or thing, to the contrary notwithstanding. c. 155, $ 47. § 48. COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF. MILITARY. The designation of Commander-in-chief is attached to the following stations in the East-Indies, viz. Commander-in-chief of all the Forces in India, Provincial Commander-in-chief in Bengal, Commander-in-chief at Madras, Commander-in-chief at Bombay. Major-General Stringer Lawrence, who, from his first appointment to India as a Major in 1748, had highly distinguished himself in the military operations on the coast of Coromandel, held the station of Commander-in-chief of the Company's forces in 1763; Brigadier-General Caillaud, who had served under him, was appointed his successor. The important events consequent on the restoration of Meer Jaffir to the Soubahship* of Bengal, in 1764, led to lengthened discussions in the Court of Proprietors, who resolved, on the 12th of March in the same year, that Lord Clive (who had been raised to the peerage after his second return to Europe in 1760, as a mark of the high sense entertained of his Lordship's brilliant services) should be requested to take upon him the stations of President of Bengal and the command of the military forces. His Lordship accepted the appointment, was sworn in on the 30th of April 1764, arrived in India in the beginning of the following year, and retained those appointments till 1787, when his Lordship finally returned to his native country. Sir Eyre Coote was nominated his Lordship's successor as Commander-in-chief. On his arrival at Madras, his powers were disputed by the council there, in consequence of which he returned to Europe overland, in November 1771, and addressed a letter to the Court of Directors from Paris, representing the circumstances under which he had quitted India. The Court passed a resolution, severely animad Viceroy or governor. animadverting on the conduct of the authorities at Fort St. George, and at the same time required Sir Eyre Coote to hold himself in readiness to return to India. On the 26th of January 1773, the Court of Directors resolved, that as tranquillity prevailed in India, it was unnecessary to continue the office of commander-in-chief. At the commencement of the session of that year the affairs of the Company, which since 1767 had come under the cognizance of Parliament, more particularly engaged the attention of the House of Commons, and the various resolutions upon which the 13th Geo. III. cap. 63, commonly called the Regulating Act, was framed, were passed. Amongst them was a clause appointing a governorgeneral and four counsellors for the government of the Company's affairs abroad. Lord North, on the 9th of June 1773, had an interview with the Chairman and Deputy-Chairman of the Company, at which they were desired to state whether the Court of Directors would grant to Lieutenant-General Clavering, who had been nominated as first counsellor, a commission as commander-in-chief of the Company's forces in India. A communication to that effect was accordingly made by the Chairman to the Court of Directors, who, referring to their resolution of the 26th of January above adverted to, postponed the further consideration of the subject till the 16th of June; on which day it was further discussed, but no decision adopted. The state of the question was communicated to Lord North. On the 3d of February 1774, a General Court was held, in pursuance of a requisition from nine proprietors, when it was moved to recommend to the Court of Directors forthwith to appoint General Clavering commander-in-chief in India. A ballot was demanded by thirteen proprietors, amongst whom were the Duke of Richmond and Lord Pigot. It took place on the 8th of February, and was carried in favour of the recommendation, there being three hundred and fifty-four ayes, and three hundred and eleven nayes. General Clavering was accordingly appointed by the Court on the day following. Intelligence of that officer's death having been received by the Court in April 1778, Sir Eyre Coote was nominated to a seat in council, and also commander-in |