3. Oral Questions. 1. How many square inches in 2. How many square feet in 4 3. How many square inches in of a square foot? square yards? four square feet? 4. How many square inches on one side of a slate 12 by 8 inches! 5. On both sides of a book 6 by 3 inches? 6. On the surface of a desk 20 by 18 inches? 7. Square feet on the floor of a room 16 by 10 feet? 8. Square rods in a field 12 rods by 84? 9. Acres in 2 square miles? 10. Acres in of a square mile? Teachers will require each pupil to put to the class a similar question. 4. Slate and Blackboard. 1. How many square inches on the surface of a desk 21 by 10 inches? 2. How many square yards on a floor 33 by 274 feet? 3. Find the square feet of surface on the ceiling and walls of a room 25 by 20 feet, and 14 feet high. 4. How many square inches of surface on both sides of a sheet of cap paper? · Measure it. 5. How many square yards of painting on one side of a house 60 by 30 feet? 6. How many square feet of land in a lot 137 by 1371 feet? 7. How many acres in 4640 square rods? 8. How many acres in 159,000 square miles? 9. How many acres in a piece of land 1250 rods long by 840 wide? 10. How many square rods in a square mile? Teachers will dictate five similar questions. SECTION IX. -THE METRIC SYSTEM. 1. The Metric System, the French system of weights and measures, is based on the decimal scale. 2. The Meter, the unit of the system, is the ten millionth part of a meridian measured from the equator to either pole. The meter, the unit of length, is equal to 39.37 inches nearly. The decimeter is about 4 inches. decimeter. Draw on the board a meter and a Teachers can make a meter correct enough for practical purposes by taking a stick 39 inches long, and dividing it into ten equal parts, and then subdividing each part into tenths. Require each pupil to make one. TABLE. After each prefix supply the dash by the word meter. Prefixes. Kilo- Hecto- Deka-Meters. Deci- Centi- Milli- 10 1 .1 .01 .001 4h 5d 6m 17 8 9 1. Practically, the preceding number, written below the table, is read thus: 3456 meters, 78 centimeters, and is written thus: 3456.789; just as we read 345 eagles, 6 dollars, 7 dimes, 8 cents, 9 mills, thus: $3456.78%, three thousand four hundred fifty-six dollars, seventy-eight and nine-tenths cents. The dollar, dime, cent, and mill correspond to the meter, decimeter, centimeter, and millimeter. 2. The meter (39.37 in.) is used for measuring short distances. 3. The kilometer (.6213824 mi., or about § mi.) is used for long distances. 4. Practically, then, this table is reduced to meters and kilometers, and their decimal divisions, just as our table of currency is practically expressed in dollars, cents, and decimals of the cent. Practical Questions. 1. Write 18 meters, 2 decimeters, and 5 centimeters. Ans. 18.25. Note. This may be read 18,25 meters, just as we sometimes read $18.25 instead of $18 and 25 cents; or it may be read 18 meters, 25 centimeters. 100 2. Write 45 meters, 7 decimeters, 5 centimeters, 8 millimeters. 4. Read 3.008; 5.0095; 275.04TM. 5. Read 42.38; 147.3596; 4.05k. Slate and Blackboard Drill. 6. Mount Everest is 29,600 feet high; find its height in meters. 7. The Column Vendôme in Paris is 40.5m high: Mount Everest is how many times as high? 8. Cost of 8.5m of cloth at 5 fr. 40 c. a meter? 9. How many feet and inches in 15.25m? 10. How many miles in 75 kilometers? 11. How many kilometers in the circumference of the earth25,000 miles? 12. The distance from New York to San Francisco, by rail, is about 3000 miles; how many meters? GENERAL RULE FOR THE METRIC SYSTEM. Measure all lengths in meters, all capacities in liters, all weights in grams, using decimal fractions only, and saying deci for tenth, centi for hundredth, milli for thousandth, deka for ten, hecto for hundred, kilo for thousand, and myria for ten thousand. CHAPTER III. WORKING MODELS IN GEOGRAPHY. SECTION I. GLOBE LESSONS FOR BEGINNERS. Directions. Place the school globe on the table in front of the class, and require the pupils, one by one, to go up to the globe and point out with the finger what is asked for by the teacher. If one fails to find the place called for, send up another, and so on round the class. Tell the children nothing that any one in the class is able to find out for himself. The German relief globes are the best suited to these exercises. LESSON I. 1. What is the shape of the school globe? 2. Point out with your finger the parts that represent land. 3. Point out the parts that represent water. 4. Which is the larger, the land surface or the water surface? 5. Turn the globe round once: on what does it turn? 6. In what time does the real earth turn round, or rotate once? 7. How often does the sun rise and set? 8. Place your finger on the most northerly point on the globe: what is that point called? 9. Place your finger on the most southerly point of the globe: what is that point called? 10. Put your finger on the black line half-way between the two poles, and follow it all round the globe: what is it called? 11. Find the Pacific Ocean, and turn the globe so that the class can see it. LESSON II. 1. Point out the Atlantic Ocean. 2. Find the Indian Ocean. 3. Point out North America. 4. Who can point out the land on which we live? 6. Find Asia, Africa, Europe. 7. Turn the eastern hemisphere towards the class. 8. Turn the western hemisphere towards the class. 9. Find and tell the names of as many large islands as you can. LESSON III. 1. In what direction is the north pole from the south pole? 2. The south pole from the north pole? 3. The north pole from the equator? 4. The south pole from the equator? 8. Asia from Australia? Africa from Europe? Australia from Asia? 9. In what direction is North America from Europe? Europe from North America? 10. Europe from Asia? Asia from Europe? 11. South America from Africa? Africa from South America? LESSON IV. 1. Put your finger on Asia; on Europe: which is the larger? 2. Put your finger on North America; on South America: which seems to be the larger? 3. Which is the larger, North America or Europe? 4. South America or Asia? 5. South America or Africa? 6. Africa or Australia? 7. Africa or Europe? |