Regulation of Tobacco Products: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Health and the Environment of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session, Volumen 4U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995 |
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Página 6
... levels in blood or tissue ; ( 4 ) that the reinforcing effects were mediated by central nicotinic - cholinergic receptors ; ( 5 ) that endogenous opioid receptors did not mediate nicotine's reinforcing effects and , finally ; ( 6 ) that ...
... levels in blood or tissue ; ( 4 ) that the reinforcing effects were mediated by central nicotinic - cholinergic receptors ; ( 5 ) that endogenous opioid receptors did not mediate nicotine's reinforcing effects and , finally ; ( 6 ) that ...
Página 11
... levels in monkeys . Psychopharmacology , 55 , 213-216 , 1977 . DeNoble , V. J. and Caplan , M. Enhanced response acceleration or suppression produced by response independent food presentations in rats with septal lesions . J. Comp ...
... levels in monkeys . Psychopharmacology , 55 , 213-216 , 1977 . DeNoble , V. J. and Caplan , M. Enhanced response acceleration or suppression produced by response independent food presentations in rats with septal lesions . J. Comp ...
Página 20
... level was increased by the researcher , the rate of self - administration of nicotine by the subject in the study was decreased . These two findings support the contention that nicotine reinforcement was due to the pharmacologic effects ...
... level was increased by the researcher , the rate of self - administration of nicotine by the subject in the study was decreased . These two findings support the contention that nicotine reinforcement was due to the pharmacologic effects ...
Página 23
... levels . Standard control is to reintroduce the nicotine . And that is the second large bar where you see it says " 32. " And that is , again , where the animals will resume pressing the lever , once nicotine is again made available ...
... levels . Standard control is to reintroduce the nicotine . And that is the second large bar where you see it says " 32. " And that is , again , where the animals will resume pressing the lever , once nicotine is again made available ...
Página 26
... level of infusions , if you ask him to double his work output . You can ask him to triple it , quadruple it , et cetera . The animals will continue to work and press the lever to get nicotine , up to about a fixed ratio of about 6 or 7 ...
... level of infusions , if you ask him to double his work output . You can ask him to triple it , quadruple it , et cetera . The animals will continue to work and press the lever to get nicotine , up to about a fixed ratio of about 6 or 7 ...
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acetaldehyde activities addictive alcohol American Journal animal asked Association behavioral BLILEY Brown & Williamson CALIFANO cardiovascular cause Center Chairman chronic cigarette smoking confidential costs Council for Tobacco DENOBLE developed disease documents dose drug abuse editor effects of nicotine emphysema epidemiologic Exhibit fact funding GLENN grant Hill and Knowlton hospital increased Industry Research Committee industry's Institute investigators issue lever pressing Liggett Group lung cancer major mecamylamine Medicaid Medicare Medicine Mele mg/kg million naloxone National patients Philip Morris president problem Public Health public relations published questions rats reinforcing response rates risk factor saline schedule Scientific Advisory Board scientists secondary diagnosis self-administration session smoking and health staff statement subcommittee substance abuse Surgeon SYNAR Thank tion TIRC tobacco companies Tobacco Industry Research Tobacco Research tobacco smoke tolerance WAXMAN WYDEN York
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